Arch Suicide Res. 2022 Jan-Mar;26(1):261-279. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2020.1793044. Epub 2020 Jul 22.
Social capital is a significant predictor of suicidal behaviors among Chinese rural migrants. However, the mechanism, including the impact of employment and mental health, has not been fully understood. This study aims to examine the complex relationships linking social capital to suicidal behaviors.
Data were collected from a probability sample ( = 1,245) of rural migrants in Wuhan, China. Social capital was used to predict suicidal behaviors, with employment uncertainty as step 1 mediator and anxiety as step 2 mediator. Suicidal ideation and attempt were analyzed separately using a chained moderated mediation model. Years of migration was included as moderator in all models to control its confounding effect.
Of the total sample, 50.9% were male with mean age of 32.0 ( = 7.8) years. The association between social capital and suicidal ideation was significantly mediated by employment uncertainty (indirect effect [95% CI] = -0.14 [-0.24, -0.04]), but not for suicidal attempt (-0.02 [-0.20, 0.15]). Anxiety significantly mediated the same association for both suicidal ideation (-0.19 [-0.37, -0.01]) and attempt (-0.20 [-0.40, -0.01]). The chained relationship from social capital to employment uncertainty, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors was also significant with indirect effect of -0.05 [-0.09, -0.01] for both suicidal ideation and attempt. Similar results were observed for bonding and bridging capital.
Social capital may exert an effect on suicidal behaviors through employment and mental health among rural migrants in China. Social capital-based suicide prevention must consider both employment and mental health problems to obtain better effects.HighlightsEmployment and anxiety mediate social capital-suicidal behavior relation.Bonding capital affects anxiety and bridging capital affects employment.There is a chained relation among social capital, employment, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors.
社会资本是中国农村流动人口自杀行为的重要预测因素。然而，其机制，包括就业和心理健康的影响，尚未得到充分理解。本研究旨在探讨社会资本与自杀行为之间复杂的关系。
数据来自中国武汉的一个农村流动人口概率样本（n=1245）。社会资本被用来预测自杀行为，以就业不确定性为第一步中介，以焦虑为第二步中介。使用连锁中介调节模型分别分析自杀意念和自杀企图。所有模型均纳入迁移年限作为调节变量，以控制其混杂影响。
在总样本中，50.9%为男性，平均年龄为 32.0（=7.8）岁。社会资本与自杀意念的关联主要通过就业不确定性来介导（间接效应[95%置信区间]=-0.14[-0.24，-0.04]），但对自杀企图没有影响（-0.02[-0.20，0.15]）。焦虑对两者的关联均有显著的中介作用，自杀意念为-0.19[-0.37，-0.01]，自杀企图为-0.20[-0.40，-0.01]。从社会资本到就业不确定性、焦虑和自杀行为的连锁关系也很显著，自杀意念和自杀企图的间接效应分别为-0.05[-0.09，-0.01]。同样的结果也适用于结合资本和桥接资本。
社会资本可能通过中国农村流动人口的就业和心理健康对自杀行为产生影响。基于社会资本的自杀预防必须同时考虑就业和心理健康问题，以获得更好的效果。
就业和焦虑中介了社会资本-自杀行为关系。结合资本影响焦虑，桥接资本影响就业。社会资本、就业、焦虑和自杀行为之间存在连锁关系。
