Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics, Chengdu, PR China.
College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
PLoS One. 2020 Jul 22;15(7):e0236165. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236165. eCollection 2020.
In order to define the diversity and composition of the microbial communities colonizing of the soil microbiome of the Jinsha earthen relic, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to identify and characterize the microbiota in 22 samples collected from the Jinsha earthen relic in China during 2017 and 2018. We compared the taxonomy of the microbial communities from samples taken at different times and different sites. Our results showed that the identity of the dominant bacterial phyla differed among the samples. Proteobacteria (23-86.2%) were the predominant bacterial phylum in all samples taken from site A in both 2017 and 2018. However, Actinobacteria (21-92.3%) were the most popular bacterial phylum in samples from sites B and C in 2017 and 2018. Ascomycota were identified as the only fungal phyla in samples in 2017. However, the group varied drastically in relative abundance between 2017 and 2018. Functional analysis of the soil bacterial community suggested that abundant members of the microbiota may be associated with metabolism and the specific environment. This report was the first high-throughput sequencing study of the soil of the Jinsha earthen relic microbiome. Since soil microbiota can damage soil and archeological structures, comprehensive analyses of the microbiomes at archeological sites may contribute to the understand of the influence of microorganisms on the degradation of soil, as well as to the identification of potentially beneficial or undesirable members of these microbial communities in archeological sites. The study will be helpful to provide effective data and guidance for the prevention and control of microbial corrosion of the Jinsha earthen relic.
为了定义定殖于金沙遗址土壤微生物组的微生物群落的多样性和组成，我们使用高通量测序技术来鉴定和描述 2017 年和 2018 年期间在中国金沙遗址采集的 22 个样本中的微生物群。我们比较了取自不同时间和不同地点的样本中的微生物群落的分类。我们的结果表明，不同样本中的优势细菌门的身份不同。在 2017 年和 2018 年，所有取自 A 地点的样本中，变形菌门（23-86.2%）都是主要的细菌门。然而，2017 年和 2018 年，B 和 C 地点的样本中最受欢迎的细菌门是放线菌门（21-92.3%）。子囊菌门被鉴定为 2017 年样本中唯一的真菌门。然而，该群体在 2017 年和 2018 年之间的相对丰度差异很大。土壤细菌群落的功能分析表明，丰富的微生物群成员可能与代谢和特定环境有关。这是首次对金沙遗址土壤微生物组进行高通量测序研究。由于土壤微生物群可能会破坏土壤和考古结构，因此对考古遗址的微生物组进行综合分析可能有助于了解微生物对土壤降解的影响，以及识别考古遗址中这些微生物群落中潜在有益或不利的成员。这项研究将有助于为金沙遗址的微生物腐蚀的预防和控制提供有效的数据和指导。
