Pak J Biol Sci. 2020 Jan;23(8):1044-1054. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.1044.1054.
Physiological and biochemical changes in plants are indicators used for monitoring cellular activity of plant prior and post exposure to harsh environment. This study investigated the impact of quarrying and stone crushing activities on heavy metals, plant nutritional composition, phytochemicals and oxidative stress indices of Aspilia africana.
Different parts of A. africana were collected from the quarry site and compared to those growing from non-quarry mining environment.
The result shows that A. africana from quarry mining site had significant (p<0.05) increase in phenol, tannin, alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, Mg2+, Na+, Fe2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ levels when compared to that of control site. Ascorbic acid, chlorophyll and Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) level significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the quarry site. The photomicrograph of the A. africana leaves from the quarry site demonstrated a squeezed venial arrangement, necrotized surface, closed stomata and compressed vein.
The result suggests that quarrying and stone crushing activities may induce oxidative stress on A. africana. Based on its APTI rating, A. african can be used in the monitoring of air pollution. The results revealed that quarrying and stone crushing activities increased health promoting phytochemicals and some minerals of A. africana growing around the quarry environment.
植物的生理和生化变化是监测植物在暴露于恶劣环境前后细胞活动的指标。本研究调查了采石和碎石活动对非洲相思叶片中重金属、植物营养成分、植物化学物质和氧化应激指数的影响。
从采石场和非采石矿区采集了不同部位的非洲相思叶片进行比较。
结果表明，与对照点相比，采石场的非洲相思叶片中的酚类、单宁、生物碱、皂甙、黄酮类、Mg2+、Na+、Fe2+、Cu2+和 Zn2+水平显著增加（p<0.05）。而在采石场，抗坏血酸、叶绿素和空气污染耐受指数（APTI）水平显著降低（p<0.05）。采石场的非洲相思叶片的显微照片显示出静脉排列挤压、表面坏死、气孔关闭和叶脉压缩。
结果表明，采石和碎石活动可能会对非洲相思叶片造成氧化应激。根据其 APTI 评分，非洲相思可以用于监测空气污染。结果表明，采石和碎石活动增加了生长在采石场周围的非洲相思叶片中的健康促进植物化学物质和一些矿物质。
