Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sleep Disorders Center, University General Hospital, Medical School of the University of Crete.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2020 Sep;26(5):443-448. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000697.
In previous years, there was limited research related to the role of sleep in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Physicians treating ILD patients tended to focus mainly on the daily disabling symptoms overlooking the possible significant role of coexisting sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, recently, there has been a growing interest in OSA in ILDs, as well as OSA effect on sleep, life quality and outcome in these patients with emphasis on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
OSA has been recognized as an important, high-prevalence comorbidity for the diagnosis and management of IPF. This publication provides a summary of the most relevant recent evidence with regard to OSA in various ILDs and especially IPF, including prevalence, clinical presentation, complications, screening and diagnosis. It also provides updated evidence on the role of OSA therapy in improving sleep, quality of life and disease outcome.
It is too early to characterize OSA and ILDs association as an 'overlap' syndrome. In depth research is needed, including studies with large numbers of ILDs and IPF patients. The main priority is to increase the awareness among physicians for early diagnosis of OSA in ILDs patients.
综述目的： 近年来，关于睡眠在间质性肺疾病（ILDs）中的作用的研究有限。治疗ILD 患者的医生往往主要关注日常致残症状，而忽略了共存的睡眠障碍（如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA））可能产生的重要影响。然而，最近人们对 OSA 在 ILD 中的作用以及 OSA 对这些患者的睡眠、生活质量和预后的影响越来越感兴趣，重点是特发性肺纤维化（IPF）。
最近的发现： OSA 已被认为是诊断和管理 IPF 的重要且高发的合并症。本文总结了有关各种 ILD 尤其是 IPF 中 OSA 的最新研究证据，包括患病率、临床表现、并发症、筛查和诊断。它还提供了关于 OSA 治疗改善睡眠、生活质量和疾病结局的最新证据。
总结： 目前将 OSA 和 ILD 的相关性描述为一种“重叠”综合征还为时过早。需要进行深入研究，包括对大量 ILD 和 IPF 患者进行研究。当务之急是提高医生对ILD 患者 OSA 早期诊断的认识。
