Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, England, UNITED KINGDOM.
Everton Football Club, Liverpool, England, UNITED KINGDOM.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021 Jan;53(1):200-210. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002443.
This study aimed to inform the energy requirements of highly trained adolescent soccer players. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was quantified in academy soccer players from the English Premier League (EPL).
Twenty-four male adolescent soccer players from an EPL academy (under (U) 12/13 (U12/13), n = 8; U15, n = 8; U18, n = 8) were assessed for baseline maturity (maturity offset), body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), and resting metabolic rate (indirect calorimetry). Subsequently, TEE, energy intake (EI) and physical loading patterns were assessed over a 14-d in-season period using doubly labeled water, the remote food photographic method, and global positioning system technology, respectively.
U18 players presented with greater resting metabolic rate (2236 ± 93 kcal·d) and TEE (3586 ± 487 kcal·d; range, 2542-5172 kcal·d) than did both U15 (2023 ± 162 and 3029 ± 262 kcal·d, respectively; TEE range, 2738-3726 kcal·d) and U12/13 players (1892 ± 211 and 2859 ± 265 kcal·d, respectively; TEE range, 2275-3903 kcal·d; all, P < 0.01), although no difference in TEE was apparent between the U12/13 and U15 age groups. Fat-free mass was significantly different between all comparisons in a hierarchal manner (U18: 57.2 ± 6.1 kg > U15: 42.9 ± 5.8 kg > U12/13: 31.1 ± 3.5 kg; all, P < 0.01). Within age groups, no differences were apparent between EI and TEE (U12/13: -29 ± 277 kcal·d, P = 0.78; U15: -134 ± 327 kcal·d, P = 0.28; U18: -243 ± 724 kcal·d, P = 0.37), whereas U18 players (3180 ± 279 kcal·d) reported higher EI than did both U15 (2821 ± 338 kcal·d; P = 0.05) and U12/13 players (2659 ± 187 kcal·d; P < 0.01).
The TEE of male academy soccer players progressively increase as players progress through the academy age groups. In some individuals (evident in all age groups), TEE was greater than that previously observed in adult EPL soccer players.
本研究旨在为高水平青少年足球运动员的能量需求提供信息。本文量化了来自英超联赛（EPL）的学院足球运动员的总能量消耗（TEE）。
24 名来自 EPL 学院的男性青少年足球运动员（U12/13 岁，n = 8；U15 岁，n = 8；U18 岁，n = 8）接受基线成熟度（成熟度偏移）、身体成分（双能 X 射线吸收法）和静息代谢率（间接测热法）评估。随后，使用双标记水、远程食物摄影法和全球定位系统技术，分别在 14 天的赛季期间评估 TEE、能量摄入（EI）和身体负荷模式。
U18 球员的静息代谢率（2236 ± 93 kcal·d）和 TEE（3586 ± 487 kcal·d；范围，2542-5172 kcal·d）高于 U15（2023 ± 162 和 3029 ± 262 kcal·d，分别；TEE 范围，2738-3726 kcal·d）和 U12/13 球员（1892 ± 211 和 2859 ± 265 kcal·d，分别；TEE 范围，2275-3903 kcal·d；所有 P < 0.01），尽管 U12/13 和 U15 年龄组之间的 TEE 没有明显差异。按层次顺序，无脂体重在所有比较中均有显著差异（U18：57.2 ± 6.1 kg > U15：42.9 ± 5.8 kg > U12/13：31.1 ± 3.5 kg；所有 P < 0.01）。在年龄组内，EI 与 TEE 之间无差异（U12/13：-29 ± 277 kcal·d，P = 0.78；U15：-134 ± 327 kcal·d，P = 0.28；U18：-243 ± 724 kcal·d，P = 0.37），而 U18 球员（3180 ± 279 kcal·d）的 EI 高于 U15（2821 ± 338 kcal·d；P = 0.05）和 U12/13 球员（2659 ± 187 kcal·d；P < 0.01）。
男性学院足球运动员的 TEE 随着他们在学院年龄组中的进步而逐渐增加。在某些个体（在所有年龄组中都很明显）中，TEE 大于以前观察到的成年 EPL 足球运动员的 TEE。
