Turner Karly M, Parkes Shauna L
Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, France.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Nov;118:27-41. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.010. Epub 2020 Jul 21.
Everyday activities require adaptive decision-making and control over our actions to achieve our goals. Sub-regions within the cortex are widely reported to regulate these choices. Here we review rodent studies from two disparate fields of instrumental action control - goal-directed and habitual responding, and impulsive and compulsive behaviour. Our aim was to compare findings across the spectrum, from precision associative learning to translational studies of action control. The evidence suggests that each cortical sub-region performs different roles depending on task requirements and, within tasks, clear dissociations exist between regions. Rather than synthesizing a single role or function for a given region, we should consider regions to be capable of many different functions. Further investigation of cortico-cortical connections and the pattern of input and output circuitry within each region may be needed to identify unique process-specific pathways. Despite differences in the scope and purpose of these two fields, integrating evidence across tasks provides a broader context for testing hypotheses about the role of cortical regions in adaptive actions and decision-making.
日常活动需要适应性决策以及对我们的行动进行控制以实现目标。广泛报道称，大脑皮层内的亚区域会调节这些选择。在此，我们回顾了来自工具性行动控制两个不同领域——目标导向和习惯性反应，以及冲动和强迫行为——的啮齿动物研究。我们的目的是比较从精确联想学习到行动控制转化研究等整个范围内的研究结果。证据表明，每个皮层亚区域根据任务要求发挥不同作用，并且在任务中，各区域之间存在明显的分离。我们不应为给定区域综合出单一角色或功能，而应认为各区域能够执行许多不同功能。可能需要进一步研究皮质 - 皮质连接以及每个区域内输入和输出回路的模式，以确定独特的特定过程通路。尽管这两个领域在范围和目的上存在差异，但整合跨任务的证据为检验关于皮质区域在适应性行动和决策中的作用的假设提供了更广阔的背景。
