Zarei Sara, Costas Yensea, Orozco Gloria, Zaydlin Michelle, Mirtar Ali, Abouali Mohammad, Diaz-Marty Cristina, Akhlaghipour Golnoush, Fernandez Altamirano Pablo, Gonzalez Cardona Anel R, Reiley Luz E, Mirzakhani Hooman
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Arasila Biotech, San Diego, CA 92130, USA.
J Pers Med. 2020 Jul 21;10(3):65. doi: 10.3390/jpm10030065.
Precision medicine represents an evolving approach to improve treatment efficacy by modifying it to individual patient's gene variation. Pharmacogenetics, an applicable branch of precision medicine, identifies patient's predisposing genotypes that alter the clinical outcome of the drug, hence preventing serious adverse drug reactions. Pharmacogenetics has been extensively applied to various fields of medicine, but in the field of anesthesiology and preoperative medicine, it has been unexploited. Although the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has a table of pharmacogenomics biomarkers and pharmacogenetics, this table only includes general side effects of the included drugs. Thus, the existing FDA table offers limited information on genetic variations that may increase drug side effects. Aims: The purpose of this paper is to provide a web-based pharmacogenomics search tool composed of a comprehensive list of medications that have pharmacogenetic relevance to perioperative medicine that might also have application in other fields of medicine. For this investigation, the FDA table of pharmacogenomics biomarkers in drug labeling was utilized as an in-depth of drugs to construct our pharmacogenetics drug table. We performed a literature search for drug-gene interactions using the unique list of drugs in the FDA table. Publications containing the drug-gene interactions were identified and reviewed. Additional drugs and extracted gene-interactions in the identified publications were added to the constructed drug table. Our tool provides a comprehensive pharmacogenetic drug table including 258 drugs with a total of 461 drug-gene interactions and their corresponding gene variations that might cause modifications in drug efficacy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and adverse reactions. This tool is freely accessible online and can be applied as a web-based search instrument for drug-gene interactions in different fields of medicine, including perioperative medicine. In this research, we collected drug-gene interactions in a web-based searchable tool that could be used by physicians to expand their field knowledge in pharmacogenetics and facilitate their clinical decision making. This precision medicine tool could further serve in establishing a comprehensive perioperative pharmacogenomics database that also includes different fields of medicine that could influence the outcome of perioperative medicine.
精准医学代表了一种不断发展的方法，即通过根据个体患者的基因变异调整治疗方案来提高治疗效果。药物遗传学是精准医学的一个应用分支，它可识别出会改变药物临床疗效的患者易感基因型，从而预防严重的药物不良反应。药物遗传学已广泛应用于医学的各个领域，但在麻醉学和术前医学领域，尚未得到充分利用。尽管美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）有一个药物基因组学生物标志物和药物遗传学表格，但该表格仅包含所列药物的一般副作用。因此，现有的FDA表格提供的关于可能增加药物副作用的基因变异的信息有限。目的：本文的目的是提供一个基于网络的药物基因组学搜索工具，该工具由与围手术期医学具有药物遗传学相关性的药物综合列表组成，这些药物可能在医学的其他领域也有应用。在本次调查中，FDA药物标签中的药物基因组学生物标志物表格被用作深入了解药物的资料来源，以构建我们的药物遗传学药物表格。我们使用FDA表格中的独特药物列表对药物-基因相互作用进行了文献检索。识别并审查了包含药物-基因相互作用的出版物。在已识别的出版物中发现的其他药物和提取的基因相互作用被添加到构建的药物表格中。我们的工具提供了一个全面的药物遗传学药物表格，包括258种药物，共有461种药物-基因相互作用及其相应的基因变异，这些变异可能导致药物疗效、药代动力学、药效学和不良反应的改变。该工具可在网上免费获取，并可作为一个基于网络的搜索工具，用于不同医学领域（包括围手术期医学）的药物-基因相互作用。在本研究中，我们在一个基于网络的可搜索工具中收集了药物-基因相互作用信息，医生可以使用该工具来扩展他们在药物遗传学方面的知识领域，并促进他们的临床决策。这个精准医学工具可以进一步用于建立一个全面的围手术期药物基因组学数据库，该数据库还包括可能影响围手术期医学结果的医学不同领域。
