Rudzińska Monika, Kowalewska Beata, Szostakowska Beata, Grzybek Maciej, Sikorska Katarzyna, Świątalska Agnieszka
Department of Tropical Medicine and Epidemiology, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland.
Department of Tropical Parasitology, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland.
Pathogens. 2020 Jul 21;9(7):595. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9070595.
is an enteric microorganism commonly found in humans and animals worldwide. Its pathogenic role in humans and transmission patterns has not been fully explained. However, nine subtypes (ST1-8, ST12) are considered as potentially zoonotic. Studies from various regions of the world show that pigs are mainly infected with ST5. Although pigs are important farmed animals in Poland, the question of infection in these animals has not yet been investigated. Herein, 149 pig stool samples from 10 Polish pig farms were analyzed using sequence-tagged-site PCR and barcode region sequencing. The percentage of samples in which was identified using each method separately was similar: 38.25% and 37.58%, respectively. However, the percentage of positive results obtained by combining both methods was 46.97%, which means that, depending on the method used, the number of undetected samples varied between 8.72% and 9.39%. This shows the methodological limitations of up-to-date molecular approaches commonly used in research. A moderate infection rate (44.4-50%) observed in different pig age groups with a vital predominance of ST5 (94.28%) in every age group shows that pigs are a likely natural host of ST5. A small percentage of mixed infections, namely ST5/ST1 (5.26%), ST5/ST3 (1.75%), and ST3/ST1 (1.75%), was observed only in animals of older age, suggesting that ST3 and ST1 can be acquired by pigs during contact with humans. This study provides the first data on the prevalence and subtypes (STs) distribution in pigs in Poland. The results also highlight the need for the development of new methods capable of detecting highly genetically diverse isolates and mixed infections.
是一种常见于世界各地人类和动物体内的肠道微生物。其在人类中的致病作用和传播模式尚未完全阐明。然而，九个亚型（ST1 - 8、ST12）被认为具有潜在的人畜共患病性质。来自世界不同地区的研究表明，猪主要感染ST5。尽管猪在波兰是重要的养殖动物，但这些动物的感染问题尚未得到研究。在此，我们使用序列标签位点PCR和条形码区域测序对来自10个波兰养猪场的149份猪粪便样本进行了分析。分别使用每种方法鉴定出该微生物的样本百分比相似：分别为38.25%和37.58%。然而，两种方法结合获得的阳性结果百分比为46.97%，这意味着根据所使用的方法，未检测到的样本数量在8.72%至9.39%之间变化。这显示了目前该研究中常用的分子方法的方法学局限性。在不同猪龄组中观察到中等感染率（44.4 - 50%），且每个年龄组中ST5占主导地位（94.28%），这表明猪可能是ST5的天然宿主。仅在老年动物中观察到一小部分混合感染，即ST5/ST1（5.26%）、ST5/ST3（1.75%）和ST3/ST1（1.75%），这表明猪在与人类接触过程中可能感染ST3和ST1。本研究提供了波兰猪中该微生物的流行率和亚型（STs）分布的首批数据。结果还强调了开发能够检测高度遗传多样的该微生物分离株和混合感染的新方法的必要性。
