Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2020 Jul 17;12(7):2129. doi: 10.3390/nu12072129.
The influence of dairy on the gut microbiome has not been studied extensively. We performed a randomized cross-over study to analyze the effect of high dairy intake on the gut microbiome. Subjects were randomly assigned to a high-dairy diet (HDD) (5-6 dairy portions per day) and a low-dairy diet (LDD) (≤1 dairy portion per day) for 6 weeks with a washout period of 4 weeks in between both diets. The gut microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Compositionality and functionality of the gut microbiome was assessed using Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). Stool consistency was evaluated using the Bristol stool chart. In total, 46 healthy overweight subjects (BMI range 25-30 kg/m) completed both intervention periods. During the HDD, there was a significantly higher abundance of the genera , , and , and the species , and ( < 0.10). Furthermore, during the HDD, there was a significantly lower abundance of the genera and , and the species , , , and ( < 0.10). There were eight subjects who became constipated during the HDD and these subjects all had a lower abundance of . This is the first cross-over study in which the effect of an HDD compared to an LDD on the gut microbiome has been studied. An HDD led to a significantly different composition of the gut microbiome, with a particularly lower abundance of and a higher abundance of . Constipation was observed in several subjects during the HDD. Predicted metabolic pathways were not significantly altered due to an HDD.
乳制品对肠道微生物组的影响尚未得到广泛研究。我们进行了一项随机交叉研究，以分析高乳制品摄入对肠道微生物组的影响。受试者被随机分配到高乳制品饮食（HDD）（每天 5-6 份乳制品）和低乳制品饮食（LDD）（每天≤1 份乳制品）组，两种饮食之间有 4 周的洗脱期。使用 16S rRNA 基因测序评估肠道微生物组。使用定量微生物生态系统分析（QIIME）和未观察状态重建的群落系统发育分析（PICRUSt）评估肠道微生物组的组成和功能。使用布里斯托粪便图表评估粪便稠度。共有 46 名健康超重受试者（BMI 范围为 25-30kg/m ）完成了两次干预期。在 HDD 期间，属、和的丰度显著增加，和种、和的丰度显著增加（<0.10）。此外，在 HDD 期间，属和的丰度显著降低，和种、、、和的丰度显著降低（<0.10）。在 HDD 期间，有 8 名受试者出现便秘，这些受试者的丰度均较低。这是第一项比较 HDD 与 LDD 对肠道微生物组影响的交叉研究。HDD 导致肠道微生物组的组成明显不同，特别是丰度较低，丰度较高。在 HDD 期间，有几个受试者出现便秘。由于 HDD，预测的代谢途径没有明显改变。
