饮食对肠道微生物群的影响及其对人类健康的意义。
Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health.
作者信息
Singh Rasnik K, Chang Hsin-Wen, Yan Di, Lee Kristina M, Ucmak Derya, Wong Kirsten, Abrouk Michael, Farahnik Benjamin, Nakamura Mio, Zhu Tian Hao, Bhutani Tina, Liao Wilson
机构信息
University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, 2340 Sutter St. Room N431, Box 0808, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA.
出版信息
J Transl Med. 2017 Apr 8;15(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s12967-017-1175-y.
Recent studies have suggested that the intestinal microbiome plays an important role in modulating risk of several chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. At the same time, it is now understood that diet plays a significant role in shaping the microbiome, with experiments showing that dietary alterations can induce large, temporary microbial shifts within 24 h. Given this association, there may be significant therapeutic utility in altering microbial composition through diet. This review systematically evaluates current data regarding the effects of several common dietary components on intestinal microbiota. We show that consumption of particular types of food produces predictable shifts in existing host bacterial genera. Furthermore, the identity of these bacteria affects host immune and metabolic parameters, with broad implications for human health. Familiarity with these associations will be of tremendous use to the practitioner as well as the patient.
最近的研究表明，肠道微生物群在调节多种慢性疾病的风险中发挥着重要作用，这些疾病包括炎症性肠病、肥胖症、2型糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症。与此同时，现在人们认识到饮食在塑造微生物群方面起着重要作用，实验表明，饮食改变可在24小时内引起大规模、暂时的微生物变化。鉴于这种关联，通过饮食改变微生物组成可能具有显著的治疗效用。本综述系统地评估了有关几种常见饮食成分对肠道微生物群影响的现有数据。我们发现，食用特定类型的食物会使宿主体内现有的细菌属发生可预测的变化。此外，这些细菌的特性会影响宿主的免疫和代谢参数，对人类健康具有广泛影响。熟悉这些关联对从业者和患者都将非常有用。
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