Aruleba Raphael Taiwo, Carter Katharine C, Brombacher Frank, Hurdayal Ramona
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK.
Microorganisms. 2020 Jul 17;8(7):1069. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8071069.
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease that has been neglected in priority for control and eradication of malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS. Collectively, over one seventh of the world's population is at risk of being infected with 0.7-1.2 million new infections reported annually. Clinical manifestations range from self-healing cutaneous lesions to fatal visceral disease. The first anti-leishmanial drugs were introduced in the 1950's and, despite several shortcomings, remain the mainstay for treatment. Regardless of this and the steady increase in infections over the years, particularly among populations of low economic status, research on leishmaniasis remains under funded. This review looks at the drugs currently in clinical use and how they interact with the host immune response. Employing chemoimmunotherapeutic approaches may be one viable alternative to improve the efficacy of novel/existing drugs and extend their lifespan in clinical use.
利什曼病是一种由媒介传播的寄生虫病，在疟疾、结核病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的控制与根除工作中被列为次要重点。总体而言，全球超过七分之一的人口面临感染风险，每年报告有70万至120万新感染病例。临床表现从可自愈的皮肤病变到致命的内脏疾病不等。首批抗利什曼病药物于20世纪50年代问世，尽管存在若干缺陷，但仍是治疗的主要手段。尽管如此，且多年来感染人数不断稳步增加，尤其是在经济地位较低的人群中，利什曼病的研究资金仍然不足。本综述探讨了目前临床使用的药物以及它们如何与宿主免疫反应相互作用。采用化学免疫治疗方法可能是提高新型/现有药物疗效并延长其临床使用寿命的一种可行替代方案。
