Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar (Mohali).
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali, Punjab, India.
Pain Physician. 2020 Jul;23(4):E389-E398.
Low back pain (LBP) ranks first for disability and sixth for overall burden on world health, with an annual approximate cost of $135 billion. There are limited data on the prevalence and risk factors for LBP in developing countries, such as India.
To assess the prevalence, pain intensity, and quality of life (QOL) associated with LBP in northern India.
Cross-sectional study.
Northern states of India.
Adult population of different strata of the community were interviewed. Lifetime, point, 1-year, and age standardized lifetime prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and QOL, and pain intensity using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11) were determined. Binary logistic regression test was conducted to determine the predictors of LBP prevalence; odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI are presented. Significance level was set at P <= 0.05.
A total of 1,531 patients were interviewed of whom 48% were men and mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 32 (10) years. Lifetime, point, 1-year, and age standardized lifetime prevalence (95% CI) were 57% (54%-59%), 32% (30%-34%), 48% (46%-51%), and 59% (56%-62%), respectively. Average (SD) NRS-11 was 4.2 (2.6). Significant impact of LBP on sleep (24%), depression/psychological problems (24%), and social life (28%) were observed. Women (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.80-2.77; P < 0.05), walking/lifting activity (OR, 1.362; 95% CI, 1.097-1.692; P < 0.05), and increasing age (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04; P < 0.05) were most significant positive predictors of LBP.
The progression of LBP could not be assessed in the enrolled patients.
LBP is highly prevalent in India, adversely affecting QOL in respondents. This calls for action by health officials to plan prevention, education, and management programs in the society.
Low back pain, pain intensity, prevalence, incidence, quality of life.
腰痛（LBP）在残疾方面排名第一，在全球健康总负担方面排名第六，年费用约为 1350 亿美元。发展中国家，如印度，有关 LBP 的患病率和危险因素的数据有限。
评估印度北部 LBP 的患病率、疼痛强度和生活质量（QOL）。
横断面研究。
印度北部各州。
对不同社会阶层的成年人群进行访谈。确定终生、点、1 年和年龄标准化终生患病率（95%置信区间[CI]）和 QOL，以及使用数字评分量表（NRS-11）的疼痛强度。进行二元逻辑回归检验以确定 LBP 患病率的预测因素；呈现比值比（OR）和 95%CI。设显著性水平为 P <= 0.05。
共对 1531 名患者进行了访谈，其中 48%为男性，平均（标准差[SD]）年龄为 32（10）岁。终生、点、1 年和年龄标准化终生患病率（95%CI）分别为 57%（54%-59%）、32%（30%-34%）、48%（46%-51%）和 59%（56%-62%）。NRS-11 的平均（SD）为 4.2（2.6）。观察到 LBP 对睡眠（24%）、抑郁/心理问题（24%）和社会生活（28%）有显著影响。女性（OR，2.23；95%CI，1.80-2.77；P < 0.05）、行走/举重活动（OR，1.362；95%CI，1.097-1.692；P < 0.05）和年龄增长（OR，1.03；95%CI，1.02-1.04；P < 0.05）是 LBP 的最显著正预测因素。
无法在纳入的患者中评估 LBP 的进展。
LBP 在印度非常普遍，对受访者的 QOL 产生不利影响。这呼吁卫生官员采取行动，在社会中制定预防、教育和管理计划。
腰痛、疼痛强度、患病率、发病率、生活质量。
