Clinical Nutrition Unit -Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy.
Department of the Woman, of the Child, of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. de Crecchio, 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2020 Jul 24;46(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s13052-020-00868-7.
Pediatric obesity is one of the most relevant health issues of the last century. Obesity-related short and long-term consequences are responsible of a large amount of economic cost. In addition, the different therapeutic strategies, such as lifestyle correction, drug, and bariatric surgery have displayed low effectiveness. Considering this evidence, prevention appears to be more promising than treatment in contrasting obesity epidemic. In this review, we summarize obesity pathogenesis with the aim of highlight the main obesity risk factors that can be addressed as target of preventive interventions. Moreover, we report the evidence about effectiveness of different interventions targeting family, school, and community. A multiple-component intervention, addressing different targets and settings, might be desirable, however more studies are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and to direct policy interventions.
儿科肥胖是上个世纪最重要的健康问题之一。肥胖相关的短期和长期后果导致了大量的经济成本。此外，生活方式矫正、药物和减重手术等不同的治疗策略显示出较低的效果。考虑到这些证据，预防似乎比治疗更有希望对抗肥胖流行。在这篇综述中，我们总结了肥胖的发病机制，旨在强调可以作为预防干预目标的主要肥胖危险因素。此外，我们还报告了针对家庭、学校和社区的不同干预措施的有效性证据。一种多组分干预措施，针对不同的目标和环境，可能是理想的，但还需要更多的研究来证实长期效果，并指导政策干预。
