Animal Welfare Program, University of British Columbia, 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Transl Psychiatry. 2020 Jul 24;10(1):253. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-00936-w.
The aim of this review is to summarize evidence regarding rat emotional experiences during carbon dioxide (CO) exposure. The studies reviewed show that CO exposure is aversive to rats, and that rats respond to CO exposure with active and passive defense behaviors. Plasma corticosterone and bradycardia increased in rats exposed to CO. As with anxiogenic drugs, responses to CO are counteracted by the administration of anxiolytics, SRIs, and SSRI's. Human studies reviewed indicate that, when inhaling CO, humans experience feelings of anxiety fear and panic, and that administration of benzodiazepines, serotonin precursors, and SSRIs ameliorate these feelings. In vivo and in vitro rat studies reviewed show that brain regions, ion channels, and neurotransmitters involved in negative emotional responses are activated by hypercapnia and acidosis associated with CO exposure. On the basis of the behavioral, physiological, and neurobiological evidence reviewed, we conclude that CO elicits negative emotions in rats.
本综述的目的是总结有关二氧化碳（CO）暴露期间大鼠情绪体验的证据。综述中的研究表明，CO 暴露对大鼠具有厌恶作用，大鼠会对 CO 暴露做出主动和被动的防御行为。CO 暴露会导致大鼠血浆皮质酮和心动过缓增加。与焦虑药物一样，抗焦虑药、SSRIs 和 SSRI 的给药会对抗 CO 的作用。综述中的人类研究表明，当人吸入 CO 时，会感到焦虑、恐惧和恐慌，而苯二氮䓬类药物、5-羟色胺前体和 SSRIs 的给药可以改善这些感觉。综述中的体内和体外大鼠研究表明，与 CO 暴露相关的碳酸血症和酸中毒会激活参与负面情绪反应的脑区、离子通道和神经递质。基于综述中的行为、生理和神经生物学证据，我们得出结论，CO 会引起大鼠的负面情绪。
