Pai Saparna, Muruganandah Visai, Kupz Andreas
Centre for Molecular Therapeutics Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine James Cook University Cairns QLD Australia.
Clin Transl Immunology. 2020 Jul 23;9(7):e1158. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1158. eCollection 2020.
The global prevalence of respiratory infectious and inflammatory diseases remains a major public health concern. Prevention and management strategies have not kept pace with the increasing incidence of these diseases. The airway mucosa is the most common portal of entry for infectious and inflammatory agents. Therefore, significant benefits would be derived from a detailed understanding of how immune responses regulate the filigree of the airways. Here, the role of different antigen-presenting cells (APC) in the lower airways and the mechanisms used by pathogens to modulate APC function during infectious disease is reviewed. Features of APC that are unique to the airways and the influence they have on uptake and presentation of antigen to T cells directly in the airways are discussed. Current information on the crucial role that airway APC play in regulating respiratory infection is summarised. We examine the clinical implications of APC dysregulation in the airways on asthma and tuberculosis, two chronic diseases that are the major cause of illness and death in the developed and developing world. A brief overview of emerging therapies that specifically target APC function in the airways is provided.
呼吸道感染性和炎症性疾病的全球患病率仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。预防和管理策略未能跟上这些疾病发病率上升的步伐。气道黏膜是感染性和炎症性因子最常见的进入门户。因此，详细了解免疫反应如何调节气道的精细结构将带来显著益处。在此，综述了不同抗原呈递细胞（APC）在下呼吸道中的作用以及病原体在传染病期间调节APC功能所采用的机制。讨论了气道特有的APC特征以及它们对气道中抗原摄取和向T细胞呈递的影响。总结了关于气道APC在调节呼吸道感染中关键作用的当前信息。我们研究了气道中APC失调对哮喘和结核病这两种在发达国家和发展中国家分别作为主要致病和致死原因的慢性疾病的临床意义。简要概述了专门针对气道中APC功能的新兴疗法。
