Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva-INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil.
Environmental Mutagenesis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-040, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 23;17(15):5295. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155295.
In Brazil, gas station workers are occupationally exposed to the benzene present in gasoline. Brazilian law indicates the use of trans,trans-muconic acid(t,t-MA) as a biomarker of benzene exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of exposure to benzene in gas station workers, through the quantification of t,t-MA present in urine. A total number of 269 gas station workers divided into 179 filling station attendants exposed by inhalation and dermal route and 90 convenience store workers exposed only by inhalation were included. A control group was formed by 100 office workers, without occupational exposure to benzene. The urinary levels of t,t-MA were evaluated by HPLC with a UV detector. Gas station workers showed higher mean values of t,t-MA (0.204 mg/g creatinine; 95% CI 0.170-0.237) than office workers (0.126 mg/g creatinine; 95% CI 0.0817-0.1693). T,t-MA levels were higher in convenience store workers exposed to gasoline only by inhalation (0.221 mg/g creatinine; 95% CI 0.160-0.282), than in those exposed to gasoline by inhalation and dermal route-filling station attendants (0.195 mg/g creatinine; 95% CI 0.155-0.235). Gas station workers with a higher level of t,t-MA had epistaxis. T,t-MA values were higher in the Downtown (0.15 mg/g creatinine) region's workers than in the more affluent South Zone region's workers (0.07 mg/g creatinine). Smoking habits influenced the urinary t,t-MA values, while the frequency of consumption of industrialized and frozen foods showed no influence.
在巴西，加油站工人会因接触汽油中的苯而受到职业暴露。巴西法律规定使用反式，反式-粘康酸（t,t-MA）作为苯暴露的生物标志物。本研究旨在通过定量测定尿液中的 t,t-MA 来评估加油站工人接触苯的水平。共纳入 269 名加油站工人，其中 179 名为通过吸入和皮肤途径接触的加油工，90 名为仅通过吸入途径接触的便利店工人，100 名为无苯职业暴露的办公室工作人员作为对照组。使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）和紫外检测器评估 t,t-MA 的尿水平。加油站工人的 t,t-MA 平均值（0.204 mg/g 肌酐；95%CI 0.170-0.237）高于办公室工作人员（0.126 mg/g 肌酐；95%CI 0.0817-0.1693）。仅通过吸入途径接触汽油的便利店工人（0.221 mg/g 肌酐；95%CI 0.160-0.282）的 t,t-MA 水平高于通过吸入和皮肤途径接触汽油的加油工（0.195 mg/g 肌酐；95%CI 0.155-0.235）。t,t-MA 水平较高的加油站工人有鼻出血。市中心（0.15 mg/g 肌酐）工人的 t,t-MA 值高于较富裕的南区（0.07 mg/g 肌酐）工人。吸烟习惯影响尿 t,t-MA 值，而食用工业化和冷冻食品的频率没有影响。
