National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China.
Life Sci Space Res (Amst). 2020 Aug;26:77-84. doi: 10.1016/j.lssr.2020.05.002. Epub 2020 May 30.
This research aimed to investigate the effects of three LED spectra on growth, gas exchange, antioxidant activity and nutritional quality of three vegetable species. The compressible vegetable facilities (CVF) were developed and three kinds of typical LED lights (spectra) were set, including white LED light (W), red-blue-green LED light (RBG), and red-blue-white LED light (RBW). Three vegetable species, i.e. lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Rome), cherry radish (Raphanus sativas L. cv. Hongxin) and cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum M. cv. Mosite), were chosen and grown (matrix culture) in the three LED lights for 40, 40 and 100 days, respectively. The results indicated that the vegetable plants grew well and were compact in the RBG and RBW treatments. There was the highest biomass or fruit (tomato) in the RBG treatment and the least one in the W treatment for three vegetable species. There were no significant differences in harvest index, ratio of shoot to root, and water content among three treatments. The production efficiency values of 9.0-9.7, 9.9-13.5 and 11.8-12.5 g DW d m for lettuce, radish and tomato plants in the RBG and the RBW treatments were higher than those in the W treatment. The photosynthetic and transpiration rates of three vegetable species in the RBG treatment were the highest among three treatments and the W treatment had the least one. There were significant effects of three spectra on antioxidant activities of three vegetable species. Higher PPFD percentages of blue in the RBG light and the RBW light increased the antioxidant activities of all vegetable plants compared the W light. But it had no significant difference between the RBG light and the RBW. The organic components including soluble sugar (SS) and protein (Prt) of lettuce and radish plants were affected significantly by three spectra, but not for tomato plants. The contents of Mg and Zn of radish plants in the RBG treatment were higher than those in other treatments. There were significant positive effects of RBW treatment on the contents of N and Mg of tomato plants. The different spectra did not affect the contents of N-NO and Cu of vegetable plants. This study demonstrated that the RBG light (spectrum) significantly enhanced the growth, gas exchange, antioxidant activity of the lettuce, radish, and tomato cultivars used in this study, and there are significant effects of different LED spectra on the nutritional quality (including organic components and several mineral elements) of the different species.
本研究旨在探讨三种 LED 光谱对三种蔬菜品种生长、气体交换、抗氧化活性和营养品质的影响。研制了可压缩蔬菜设施（CVF），设置了三种典型的 LED 灯（光谱），包括白色 LED 灯（W）、红蓝绿 LED 灯（RBG）和红蓝白 LED 灯（RBW）。选择生菜（Lactuca sativa L. cv. Rome）、樱桃萝卜（Raphanus sativas L. cv. Hongxin）和樱桃番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum M. cv. Mosite）三种蔬菜品种，分别在三种 LED 光下矩阵培养 40、40 和 100 天。结果表明，RBG 和 RBW 处理下的蔬菜植株生长良好，紧凑。在 RBG 处理下，三种蔬菜的生物量或果实（番茄）最高，而在 W 处理下则最低。三种处理间收获指数、根冠比和含水量无显著差异。生菜、萝卜和番茄植株在 RBG 和 RBW 处理下的生产效率值分别为 9.0-9.7、9.9-13.5 和 11.8-12.5 g DW d m，高于 W 处理。RBG 处理下三种蔬菜的光合和蒸腾速率均为三种处理中最高，W 处理下最低。三种光谱对三种蔬菜的抗氧化活性有显著影响。RBG 和 RBW 光中较高的蓝光比例增加了所有蔬菜的抗氧化活性，与 W 光相比。但 RBG 光和 RBW 光之间没有显著差异。可溶性糖（SS）和蛋白质（Prt）等有机成分受三种光谱的显著影响，但对番茄植物没有影响。RBG 处理下萝卜植株的 Mg 和 Zn 含量高于其他处理。RBW 处理对番茄植株 N 和 Mg 含量有显著正向影响。不同光谱对蔬菜植株的 N-NO 和 Cu 含量没有影响。本研究表明，RBG 光（光谱）显著促进了生菜、萝卜和番茄品种的生长、气体交换、抗氧化活性，不同 LED 光谱对不同物种的营养品质（包括有机成分和几种矿物质元素）有显著影响。
