Nutrition Department, La Paz University Hospital Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Autonomous University of Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrition Research Group, La Paz University Hospital Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2020 Jul 24;12(8):2203. doi: 10.3390/nu12082203.
Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease characterized by the loss of bone mass and deterioration of the internal structure of the bone, increasing the risk of fractures, and is becoming an economic and social problem. The main treatment is pharmacological, however, the population demands other therapies, such as foods with nutrients beneficial to bone health. Seventy-eight healthy menopausal women at risk of osteoporosis or untreated osteopenia were recruited for a randomized, parallel, double-blind clinical trial with two intervention groups: one group consumed a serving a day of the experimental enriched product (experimental group (EG)) and the other group (control group (CG)) consumed the same product without enrichment. The main objective was to compare the effect of consuming a dairy preparation to reconstitute, similar to yogurt when prepared, enriched in calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K, vitamin C, zinc, magnesium, L-leucine and probiotic () on bone metabolism markers for 24 weeks. The EG showed a significantly increased bone mass compared to the CG (0.01 ± 0.03 vs. -0.01 ± 0.03 kg; 0.05). In addition, the EG maintained their bone mineral density (BMD) compared to the CG, whose BMD significantly decreased at the end of the study. For biochemical markers, the EG significantly increased the serum levels of the N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP) bone formation marker (13.19 ± 25.17 vs. -4.21 ± 15.62 ng/mL; 0.05), and decreased the carbo-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx) bone resorption marker compared to the CG (-0.05 ± 0.19 vs. 0.04 ± 0.14 ng/mL; 0.05). On the other hand, the EG exhibited a significantly decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to the start of the study. Finally, the EG significantly increased their dietary calcium and vitamin D intake compared to the CG. In conclusion, the regular consumption of a dairy product to reconstitute enriched with bioactive nutrients improves bone health markers in menopausal women at risk of osteoporosis without pharmacological treatment.
骨质疏松症是一种多因素疾病，其特征是骨量流失和骨内部结构恶化，增加骨折风险，并且正在成为一个经济和社会问题。主要治疗方法是药物治疗，但是，人们需要其他疗法，例如有益于骨骼健康的营养素的食物。招募了 78 名有骨质疏松症风险或未经治疗的骨质减少症的绝经后健康女性参加一项随机、平行、双盲临床试验，分为两组：一组每天摄入一份实验强化产品（实验组（EG）），另一组（对照组（CG））食用相同的非强化产品。主要目的是比较食用一种类似于酸奶的乳制品，富含钙、维生素 D、维生素 K、维生素 C、锌、镁、L-亮氨酸和益生菌（）对 24 周的骨代谢标志物的影响。与 CG 相比，EG 显示出明显增加的骨量（0.01±0.03 对-0.01±0.03kg；0.05）。此外，与 CG 相比，EG 保持了其骨矿物质密度（BMD），CG 在研究结束时 BMD 明显下降。对于生化标志物，与 CG 相比，EG 显著增加了 I 型胶原 N 端前肽（P1NP）骨形成标志物的血清水平（13.19±25.17 对-4.21±15.62ng/ml；0.05），并且降低了 I 型胶原 C 端肽（CTX）骨吸收标志物的血清水平（-0.05±0.19 对 0.04±0.14ng/ml；0.05）。另一方面，与研究开始时相比，EG 表现出收缩压和舒张压的显著降低。最后，与 CG 相比，EG 显著增加了其膳食钙和维生素 D 的摄入量。总之，经常食用富含生物活性营养素的乳制品可改善无药物治疗的骨质疏松症高危绝经后妇女的骨骼健康标志物。
