全球饮食质量评分与2型糖尿病风险之间的关联：德黑兰脂质与葡萄糖研究

Associations between the Global Diet Quality Score and risk of type 2 diabetes: Tehran lipid and glucose study.

作者信息

Daei Shahrzad, Hosseini-Esfahani Firoozeh, Ildarabadi Azam, Mirmiran Parvin, Azizi Fereidoun

机构信息

Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2025 Jan 15;20(1):e0313886. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313886. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0313886

PMID:39813215

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11734924/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Previous studies reported that focusing on healthy lifestyle, especially high diet quality is necessary for preventing type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study investigated the association between the innovative index, the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS), and the risk of Type 2 Diabetes incidence.

METHODS

In this secondary analysis, we included elective adult participants (n = 5948) from the third and fourth survey of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Participants checked out until the sixth phase with an average follow-up of 6.65 years. Expert nutritionists collected dietary data using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The GDQS were calculated, including healthy and unhealthy food group scores. Biochemical and anthropometric characteristics were assessed during the first and follow-up surveys. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the progression of T2D in association with the GDQS.

RESULTS

This study was implemented on 2,688 men and 3,260 women, respectively with the mean (SD) age of 41.5(14.1) and 39.3(13.02) years. A total of 524 subjects were found to have had T2D incidence. The healthy component of GDQS was conversely associated with T2D incidence [HR: 1, 0.91 (0.84-0.98), 0.91 (0.84-0.98), 0.84 (0.77-0.92) P trend = <0.001] in an adjusted model. The unhealthy component of GDQS was conversely associated with T2D incidence in an adjusted model [HR: 1, 0.86 (0.80-0.92), 0.93 (0.86-1.01), 0.89 (0.81-0.98) P trend = 0.009].

CONCLUSION

The results of this study suggested that higher adherence to the healthy component of GDQS and lower intake of the unhealthy component decreased the risk of T2D incidence.

摘要

背景

先前的研究报告称，注重健康的生活方式，尤其是高质量的饮食，对于预防2型糖尿病（T2D）是必要的。本研究调查了创新指数、全球饮食质量评分（GDQS）与2型糖尿病发病风险之间的关联。

方法

在这项二次分析中，我们纳入了德黑兰脂质与葡萄糖研究第三次和第四次调查中的成年受试者（n = 5948）。参与者随访至第六阶段，平均随访时间为6.65年。专业营养学家使用有效且可靠的半定量食物频率问卷收集饮食数据。计算GDQS，包括健康和不健康食物组评分。在首次和随访调查期间评估生化和人体测量特征。使用多变量Cox比例风险回归模型来估计与GDQS相关的T2D进展情况。

结果

本研究分别对2688名男性和3260名女性进行，其平均（标准差）年龄分别为41.5（14.1）岁和39.3（13.02）岁。共发现524名受试者发生了T2D。在调整模型中，GDQS的健康成分与T2D发病率呈负相关[风险比：1，0.91（0.84 - 0.98），0.91（0.84 - 0.98），0.84（0.77 - 0.92），P趋势 = <0.001]。在调整模型中，GDQS的不健康成分与T2D发病率呈负相关[风险比：1，0.86（0.80 - 0.92），0.93（0.86 - 1.01），0.89（0.81 - 0.98），P趋势 = 0.009]。