Manios Yannis, Moschonis George, Trovas George, Lyritis George P
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Sep;86(3):781-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/86.3.781.
In southern Europe, calcium supplementation alone is a common practice for osteoporosis prevention.
We examined whether calcium supplementation could be as effective in achieving favorable bone mass changes in postmenopausal women as is a holistic dietary approach including dairy products fortified with calcium and vitamin D3.
A sample of 101 postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to a dairy intervention group (n = 39) who received daily approximately 1200 mg Ca and 7.5 microg vitamin D3 via fortified dairy products and attended biweekly nutrition education sessions; a calcium-supplemented group (n = 26) who received a total of 1200 mg Ca/d; and a control group (n = 36).
The increases observed in serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I were greater in the dairy intervention group than in the 2 other groups, especially during the first 5 mo of intervention (P = 0.034). The decreases and increases observed during 5 and 12 mo, respectively, in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were significant in all groups (P = 0.050). Serum parathyroid hormone increased only in the control group, and serum type 1 collagen cross-linked C-telopeptide decreased only in the dairy intervention group during both 5 and 12 mo of intervention (P = 0.035 and 0.047, respectively). The dairy intervention group had greater improvements in pelvis (P = 0.040), total spine (P = 0.001), and total-body (P = 0.001) bone mineral density than did the other 2 groups.
The application of a holistic intervention approach combining nutrition education and consumption of fortified dairy products for 12 mo can induce more favorable changes in biochemical indexes of bone metabolism and bone mineral density than can calcium supplementation alone.
在欧洲南部，单独补充钙是预防骨质疏松症的常见做法。
我们研究了在实现绝经后女性良好的骨量变化方面，补充钙是否能与包括富含钙和维生素D3的乳制品在内的整体饮食方法一样有效。
101名绝经后女性样本被随机分为乳制品干预组（n = 39），她们通过强化乳制品每日摄入约1200毫克钙和7.5微克维生素D3，并参加每两周一次的营养教育课程；钙补充组（n = 26），她们每天总共摄入1200毫克钙；以及对照组（n = 36）。
乳制品干预组血清胰岛素样生长因子I浓度的升高幅度大于其他两组，尤其是在干预的前5个月（P = 0.034）。所有组在5个月和12个月时血清25-羟维生素D3分别出现的下降和升高均具有显著性（P = 0.050）。在干预的5个月和12个月期间，血清甲状旁腺激素仅在对照组中升高，而血清1型胶原交联C末端肽仅在乳制品干预组中下降（分别为P = 0.035和0.047）。与其他两组相比，乳制品干预组在骨盆（P = 0.040）、全脊柱（P = 0.001）和全身（P = 0.001）骨密度方面有更大改善。
将营养教育与食用强化乳制品相结合进行为期12个月的整体干预方法，比单独补充钙能在骨代谢生化指标和骨密度方面诱导更有利的变化。
