CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jul 24;21(15):5272. doi: 10.3390/ijms21155272.
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine system malignancy. However, there is still a lack of reliable and specific markers for the detection and staging of this disease. Fine needle aspiration biopsy is the current gold standard for diagnosis of thyroid cancer, but drawbacks to this technique include indeterminate results or an inability to discriminate different carcinomas, thereby requiring additional surgical procedures to obtain a final diagnosis. It is, therefore, necessary to seek more reliable markers to complement and improve current methods. "Omics" approaches have gained much attention in the last decade in the field of biomarker discovery for diagnostic and prognostic characterisation of various pathophysiological conditions. Metabolomics, in particular, has the potential to identify molecular markers of thyroid cancer and identify novel metabolic profiles of the disease, which can, in turn, help in the classification of pathological conditions and lead to a more personalised therapy, assisting in the diagnosis and in the prediction of cancer behaviour. This review considers the current results in thyroid cancer biomarker research with a focus on metabolomics.
甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌系统恶性肿瘤。然而，目前仍然缺乏用于检测和分期这种疾病的可靠和特定的标志物。细针抽吸活检是目前诊断甲状腺癌的金标准，但该技术存在不确定结果或无法区分不同的癌，因此需要进行额外的手术程序以获得最终诊断。因此，有必要寻找更可靠的标志物来补充和改进当前的方法。在过去十年中，“组学”方法在生物标志物发现领域受到了广泛关注，用于诊断和预测各种病理生理状况的特征。代谢组学特别有潜力确定甲状腺癌的分子标志物，并识别疾病的新的代谢特征，这反过来又有助于病理状况的分类，并导致更个性化的治疗，辅助诊断和预测癌症行为。这篇综述考虑了目前在甲状腺癌生物标志物研究方面的结果，重点是代谢组学。
