Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa.
DSI/NRF SARChI Chair, Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa.
Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2022;52(2):314-326. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1798210. Epub 2020 Jul 29.
The presence of toxic trace metals and high concentrations of essential elements in the environment presents a serious threat to living organism. Various methods have been used for the detection, preconcentration and remediation of these metals from biological, environmental and food matrices. Owing to the complexicity of samples, methods with high selectivity have been used for detection, preconcentration and remediation of these trace metals. These methods are achieved by the use of ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) due to their impressive properties such as selectivity, high extraction efficiency, speciation capability and reusability. Because of the increase of toxic trace and essential metals in the environment, IIPs have attracted great use in analytical chemistry. This review, provide a brief background on IIPs and polymerization method that are used for their preparation. Recent applications of IIPs as adsorbents for preconcentration, removal, speciation and electrochemical detection of trace and essential metal is also discussed.
环境中有毒痕量金属和高浓度必需元素的存在对生物体构成了严重威胁。已经使用了各种方法来检测、预浓缩和修复这些金属，包括生物、环境和食品基质中的金属。由于样品的复杂性，已经使用了具有高选择性的方法来检测、预浓缩和修复这些痕量金属。这些方法是通过使用离子印迹聚合物（IIPs）实现的，因为它们具有令人印象深刻的特性，如选择性、高萃取效率、形态分析能力和可重复使用性。由于环境中有毒痕量和必需金属的增加，IIPs 在分析化学中得到了广泛的应用。本综述简要介绍了 IIPs 的背景及其聚合方法，用于制备 IIPs。还讨论了 IIPs 作为吸附剂在痕量和必需金属的预浓缩、去除、形态分析和电化学检测方面的最新应用。
