Ekblad Solvig
Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Cultural Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Jul 8;11:611. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00611. eCollection 2020.
Due to the increasing numbers of newcomers with impacts of war, civil war and persecution, at high risk of trauma-related mental health problems, there is a need for increase the poor mental health literacy (MHL) and human rights among the new-comers, especially low-educated mothers with children. This article aimed to present a case study report of several years' experience of tailor-made group health promotion intervention. It describes as an example, a project during autumn 2018 in five municipalities of Sweden and in collaboration between academia, primary care, social welfare, police, and an NGO. Fifty-one women, Arabic- or Somalian speaking, with 1-7 children, mean age 40 years, low-educated and in average four years' of living in Sweden participated. Under supervision, a local female member of the NGO coordinated the group meetings in Swedish with up to ten participants and the moderators were representatives of healthcare, social services and police/lawyer, with an interpreter present. Each intervention focused on human rights, health including mental health, psychosocial and parenting support, by using a 5-week group intervention a 2 h/week, totally 10 h excluding pre- and post-evaluation, and one language per intervention. Each meeting included 1-h lecture and after a short break with refreshments, the participants asked questions to the respective moderator. It was a mixed method but emphasis on qualitative design and participatory methodology with co-creation and evaluation of the intervention. The results showed that this tailor-made group intervention gave the participants empowerment and a sense of coherence, MHL and tools to deal with stress/anxiety, based on their needs that were mapped before in a pilot study during Spring 2018, indirectly addressing their children. However, they did not primarily talk about mental illness experience. It is vital that these interventions toward the target group with limited exposure to Western concepts (e.g., illness, anxiety, and trauma), may bridge the gap between Western and traditional cultural understanding of pre- and postmigration stress. In conclusion, MHL may be a function of both the cultural origin of the target group's background and their resettlement in a Western reception country. Implications are discussed.
由于受战争、内战和迫害影响的新移民数量不断增加,他们面临与创伤相关的心理健康问题的风险很高,因此有必要提高新移民,尤其是有孩子的低学历母亲的心理健康素养(MHL)和人权意识。本文旨在呈现一份关于量身定制的群体健康促进干预措施多年经验的案例研究报告。它以2018年秋季在瑞典五个市镇开展的一个项目为例进行描述,该项目是学术界、初级保健机构、社会福利部门、警方和一个非政府组织合作开展的。51名讲阿拉伯语或索马里语、育有1至7个孩子、平均年龄40岁、学历较低且平均在瑞典生活了四年的女性参与了该项目。在监督下,该非政府组织的一名当地女性成员用瑞典语协调小组会议,每次会议最多10名参与者,主持人是医疗保健、社会服务和警察/律师的代表,并配有一名口译员。每次干预都聚焦于人权、包括心理健康在内的健康、心理社会和育儿支持,采用为期5周、每周2小时的小组干预方式,不包括前后评估,每次干预使用一种语言,总共10小时。每次会议包括1小时的讲座,在短暂休息并享用茶点后,参与者向各自的主持人提问。这是一种混合方法,但侧重于定性设计以及共同创造和评估干预措施的参与式方法。结果表明,这种量身定制的小组干预基于2018年春季一项试点研究中所确定的需求,给予了参与者力量感和连贯感、心理健康素养以及应对压力/焦虑的工具,同时也间接惠及了她们的孩子。然而,她们主要没有谈论精神疾病经历。对于那些接触西方概念(如疾病、焦虑和创伤)有限的目标群体而言,这些干预措施至关重要,因为它们可能弥合西方文化与传统文化在移民前后压力理解上的差距。总之,心理健康素养可能是目标群体背景文化根源及其在西方接收国重新安置情况的共同作用结果。文中还讨论了相关影响。