Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Boston University, MA, USA.
OTJR (Thorofare N J). 2021 Jan;41(1):15-23. doi: 10.1177/1539449220944600. Epub 2020 Aug 1.
Time use studies uncover the organization of daily routine of families of children with disabilities. The objective of this study is to identify determinants of time spent caring for children/adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and typical development (TD). Participants were caregivers of children/adolescents with/without disability. Structural equation modeling tested a proposed model of time spent in child care. The variables in the model were as follows: questionnaire (families' socioeconomic status [SES]), children's functioning (The Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test [PEDI-CAT]); hours of care (daily diaries), number of adaptations used, and help with child care (parents' report). Distinct variable combinations explained 78% of the variation in the time to care (TD model), followed by 42% (ASD) and 29% (CP). Adaptations indirectly affected time to care through its effect on functioning (CP); family's SES affected functioning through its effect on adaptation use (ASD). In conclusion, knowledge of factors affecting caregivers' time spent on children's care help occupational therapists implement family-centered strategies.
时间利用研究揭示了残疾儿童家庭日常生活的组织方式。本研究旨在确定照顾脑瘫（CP）、自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和典型发育（TD）儿童/青少年的时间的决定因素。参与者为有/无残疾儿童/青少年的照顾者。结构方程模型测试了儿童照顾时间的拟议模型。模型中的变量如下：问卷（家庭的社会经济地位[SES]）、儿童的功能（小儿残疾评估量表-计算机适应测试[PEDI-CAT]）；照顾时间（日常日记）、使用的适应数量和儿童照顾帮助（父母报告）。不同的变量组合解释了照顾时间的变化（TD 模型）的 78%，其次是 42%（ASD）和 29%（CP）。适应通过对功能的影响间接影响照顾时间（CP）；家庭的 SES 通过对适应使用的影响来影响功能（ASD）。总之，了解影响照顾者照顾儿童时间的因素有助于职业治疗师实施以家庭为中心的策略。
