Somar Pmw, Waltz M M, van Brakel W H
VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
NLR, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2020 Jun 9;7:e15. doi: 10.1017/gmh.2020.3. eCollection 2020.
Leprosy has long-term consequences related to impairment and stigma. This includes a major impact on mental health. This study aims to consolidate current evidence regarding the mental health impact of leprosy on affected persons and their family members. In addition, determinants influencing mental health outcomes among leprosy-affected persons and effective interventions are examined. A keyword-based search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, Infolep and InfoNTD; additional literature was also considered. Articles presenting primary data involving leprosy-affected persons or their family members experiencing mental conditions were included. Independent extraction of articles was executed using predefined data fields. Articles were sorted according to relevance. In total, 65 studies were included in this systematic review. Multiple psychiatric morbidities have been identified among leprosy-affected persons, including depression, anxiety disorders and suicide (attempts). Additional factors were found that may impact mental health. Moreover, studies found that demographic factors, lifestyle and disease-specific factors and stigma and discrimination impact mental health. Depressive symptoms and low self-esteem were identified among children of leprosy-affected persons. In addition, interventions were identified that could improve the mental wellbeing of leprosy patients. Depressive disorders and anxiety disorders were found to be very common among persons affected by leprosy. Feelings such as fear, shame and low self-esteem are also experienced by those affected, and their children. Further research is necessary to ensure that mental health impact is included when determining the burden of disease for leprosy, and to relieve this burden.
麻风病会导致与残疾和耻辱感相关的长期后果。这包括对心理健康的重大影响。本研究旨在整合有关麻风病对患者及其家庭成员心理健康影响的现有证据。此外，还研究了影响麻风病患者心理健康结果的决定因素以及有效的干预措施。在PubMed、科学网、Scopus、PsycINFO、Infolep和InfoNTD中进行了基于关键词的搜索；还考虑了其他文献。纳入了呈现涉及患有精神疾病的麻风病患者或其家庭成员的原始数据的文章。使用预定义的数据字段对文章进行独立提取。文章根据相关性进行分类。本系统评价共纳入65项研究。在麻风病患者中发现了多种精神疾病，包括抑郁症、焦虑症和自杀（未遂）。还发现了可能影响心理健康的其他因素。此外，研究发现人口统计学因素、生活方式和疾病特异性因素以及耻辱感和歧视会影响心理健康。在麻风病患者的子女中发现了抑郁症状和自卑心理。此外，还确定了可以改善麻风病患者心理健康的干预措施。抑郁症和焦虑症在麻风病患者中非常常见。患者及其子女也会有恐惧、羞耻和自卑等感受。有必要进行进一步研究，以确保在确定麻风病的疾病负担时纳入心理健康影响，并减轻这一负担。
