Department of Occupational Therapy, Uskudar University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020 Aug 3;18(1):265. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01521-x.
Individuals with diabetes mellitus have difficulty solving problems in meaningful occupations and have similar difficulties with self-care regimens. We examined the effects of an occupation-based intervention supported with problem-solving therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus on participation in and satisfaction with meaningful occupations, diabetes-related psychosocial self-efficacy, preferred coping strategies and individual well-being.
This study was planned as a single-blind, randomised controlled study with a 3-month follow-up involving 67 adults with type 2 diabetes. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Diabetes Empowerment Scale, Brief COPE and five-item World Health Organisation Well-Being Index were used. This programme included evaluations, diabetes education, and problem-solving therapy. The intervention was conducted for 6 weeks, and each weekly session lasted approximately 60 min. Differences between groups were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Friedman test was used to calculate group-time interaction differences (i.e., baseline, after 6 weeks and after 3 months).
All participants identified the most significant occupational performance problems in self-care as personal care. Significant improvement was reported in the intervention group compared to the control group regarding participation in meaningful occupation, satisfaction with performance, psychosocial self-efficacy, and well-being results (p < 0.001) after the programme and 3 months of follow-up. Participant use of effective coping strategies, active coping and acceptance strategies, and self-efficacy, as revealed by the results, suggested improvement in favour of the intervention group (p < 0.05).
Occupation-based problem-solving therapy encourages participation in meaningful occupations and improves psychosocial self-efficacy, effective coping styles, and well-being in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Problem-solving therapies that incorporate individuals' priorities via meaningful occupation can be used to lead to a meaningful and quality life for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03783598 . Retrospectively Registered. First Posted-December 21, 2018, Last Update Posted-February 18, 2020.
患有糖尿病的个体在解决有意义的职业问题方面存在困难，并且在自我护理方案方面也存在类似的困难。我们研究了基于职业的干预措施，该措施结合问题解决疗法，对 2 型糖尿病患者的参与和对有意义的职业的满意度、与糖尿病相关的心理社会自我效能、首选应对策略和个体幸福感的影响。
这项研究计划为一项为期 3 个月的单盲、随机对照研究，涉及 67 名成年 2 型糖尿病患者。使用加拿大职业表现测量表、糖尿病赋权量表、简短应对量表和五项世界卫生组织幸福感指数。该方案包括评估、糖尿病教育和问题解决疗法。干预持续 6 周，每周会议持续约 60 分钟。使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验分析组间差异，使用 Friedman 检验计算组间时间交互差异（即基线、6 周后和 3 个月后）。
所有参与者都将自我护理中的最显著的职业表现问题确定为个人护理。与对照组相比，干预组在参与有意义的职业、对表现的满意度、心理社会自我效能感和幸福感结果方面（p<0.001）在方案后和 3 个月的随访中均有显著改善。参与者使用有效的应对策略、积极应对和接受策略以及自我效能感，结果表明干预组有所改善（p<0.05）。
基于职业的问题解决疗法鼓励 2 型糖尿病患者参与有意义的职业活动，并提高心理社会自我效能感、有效的应对方式和幸福感。通过有意义的职业将个人的重点纳入问题解决疗法，可以帮助 2 型糖尿病患者过上有意义和高质量的生活。
ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT03783598。回顾性注册。首次发布日期-2018 年 12 月 21 日，最后更新日期-2020 年 2 月 18 日。
