Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Bone and Joint Group, Institute for Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jul 31;21(15):5499. doi: 10.3390/ijms21155499.
Treatment for osteosarcoma (OS) has been largely unchanged for several decades, with typical therapies being a mixture of chemotherapy and surgery. Although therapeutic targets and products against cancer are being continually developed, only a limited number have proved therapeutically active in OS. Thus, the understanding of the OS microenvironment and its interactions are becoming more important in developing new therapies. Three-dimensional (3D) models are important tools in increasing our understanding of complex mechanisms and interactions, such as in OS. In this review, in vivo animal models, in vitro 3D models and in ovo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) models, are evaluated and discussed as to their contribution in understanding the progressive nature of OS, and cancer research. We aim to provide insight and prospective future directions into the potential translation of 3D models in OS.
几十年来，骨肉瘤（OS）的治疗方法基本没有改变，典型的治疗方法是化疗和手术的结合。尽管针对癌症的治疗靶点和药物不断被开发，但只有少数在 OS 中被证明具有治疗活性。因此，了解 OS 微环境及其相互作用对于开发新的治疗方法变得越来越重要。三维（3D）模型是增加我们对复杂机制和相互作用理解的重要工具，例如在 OS 中。在这篇综述中，我们评估和讨论了体内动物模型、体外 3D 模型和鸡胚尿囊膜（CAM）模型，以了解它们对 OS 进展性质和癌症研究的贡献。我们旨在为 3D 模型在 OS 中的潜在转化提供深入的见解和未来的方向。
