Číž Milan, Dvořáková Adéla, Skočková Veronika, Kubala Lukáš
Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Aug 3;9(8):691. doi: 10.3390/antiox9080691.
A better understanding of the interactions between dietary phenolic compounds and the epigenetics of inflammation may impact pathological conditions and their treatment. Phenolic compounds are well-known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancer properties, with potential benefits in the treatment of various human diseases. Emerging studies bring evidence that nutrition may play an essential role in immune system modulation also by altering gene expression. This review discusses epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, post-translational histone modification, and non-coding microRNA activity that regulate the gene expression of molecules involved in inflammatory processes. Special attention is paid to the molecular basis of NF-κB modulation by dietary phenolic compounds. The regulation of histone acetyltransferase and histone deacetylase activity, which all influence NF-κB signaling, seems to be a crucial mechanism of the epigenetic control of inflammation by phenolic compounds. Moreover, chronic inflammatory processes are reported to be closely connected to the major stages of carcinogenesis and other non-communicable diseases. Therefore, dietary phenolic compounds-targeted epigenetics is becoming an attractive approach for disease prevention and intervention.
更好地理解膳食酚类化合物与炎症表观遗传学之间的相互作用，可能会影响病理状况及其治疗。酚类化合物以其抗氧化、抗炎、抗血管生成和抗癌特性而闻名，对治疗各种人类疾病具有潜在益处。新出现的研究表明，营养也可能通过改变基因表达在免疫系统调节中发挥重要作用。本综述讨论了诸如DNA甲基化、翻译后组蛋白修饰和非编码微小RNA活性等表观遗传机制，这些机制调节参与炎症过程的分子的基因表达。特别关注膳食酚类化合物对NF-κB调节的分子基础。组蛋白乙酰转移酶和组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性的调节均影响NF-κB信号传导，这似乎是酚类化合物对炎症进行表观遗传控制的关键机制。此外，据报道，慢性炎症过程与癌症发生的主要阶段和其他非传染性疾病密切相关。因此，针对膳食酚类化合物的表观遗传学正成为一种有吸引力的疾病预防和干预方法。
