Xu Yiku, Jiang Jianli, Yang Zehui, Zhao Qinyang, Chen Yongnan, Zhao Yongqing
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China.
Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an 710016, China.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Aug 3;13(15):3411. doi: 10.3390/ma13153411.
Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace, chemical, biomedical and other important fields due to outstanding properties. The mechanical behavior of Ti alloys depends on microstructural characteristics and type of alloying elements. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different Cu contents (2.5 wt.%, 7 wt.% and 14 wt.%) on mechanical and frictional properties of titanium alloys. The properties of titanium alloy were characterized by tensile test, electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, reciprocating friction and wear test. The results show that the intermediate phase that forms the eutectoid structure with α-Ti was identified as FCC TiCu, and no primary phase was formed. With the increase of Cu content, the TiCu phase precipitation in the alloy increases. TiCu particles with needle structure increase the dislocation pinning effect on grain boundary and improve the strength and hardness of titanium alloy. Thus, Ti-14Cu shows the lowest elongation, the best friction and wear resistance, which is caused by the existence of TiCu phases. It has been proved that the mechanical and frictional properties of Ti-Cu alloys can be adjusted by changing the Cu content, so as to better meet its application in the medical field.
钛合金因其优异的性能而广泛应用于航空航天、化工、生物医学等重要领域。钛合金的力学行为取决于微观结构特征和合金元素类型。本研究的目的是研究不同铜含量（2.5 wt.%、7 wt.%和14 wt.%）对钛合金力学性能和摩擦性能的影响。通过拉伸试验、电子显微镜、X射线衍射、差示扫描量热法、往复摩擦磨损试验对钛合金性能进行表征。结果表明，与α-Ti形成共析组织的中间相被鉴定为面心立方TiCu，未形成初生相。随着铜含量的增加，合金中TiCu相析出增多。具有针状结构的TiCu颗粒增加了对晶界的位错钉扎作用，提高了钛合金的强度和硬度。因此，Ti-14Cu的伸长率最低，摩擦磨损性能最佳，这是由TiCu相的存在所致。已证明通过改变铜含量可以调节Ti-Cu合金的力学性能和摩擦性能，从而更好地满足其在医学领域的应用。
