Epilepsy Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA.
Neuroimaging of Epilepsy Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Epileptic Disord. 2020 Aug 1;22(4):421-437. doi: 10.1684/epd.2020.1174.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a central role in the management and evaluation of patients with epilepsy. It is important that structural MRI scans are optimally acquired and carefully reviewed by trained experts within the context of all available clinical data. The aim of this review is to discuss the essentials of MRI that will be useful to health care providers specialized in epilepsy, as outlined by the competencies and learning objectives of the recently developed ILAE curriculum. This review contains information on basic MRI principles, sequences, field strengths and safety, when to perform and repeat an MRI, epilepsy MRI protocol (HARNESS-MRI) and the basic reading guidelines, and common epileptic pathologies. More advanced topics such as MRI-negative epilepsy, functional MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging are also briefly discussed. Although the available resources can differ markedly across different centers, it is the hope that this review can provide general guidance in the everyday practice of using MRI for patients with epilepsy.
磁共振成像（MRI）在癫痫患者的管理和评估中起着核心作用。重要的是，在所有可用临床数据的背景下，由经过培训的专家对结构 MRI 扫描进行最佳采集和仔细审查。本综述的目的是讨论对专门从事癫痫的医疗保健提供者有用的 MRI 基础知识，这些知识是由最近开发的 ILAE 课程的能力和学习目标概述的。本综述包含有关基本 MRI 原理、序列、场强和安全性、何时进行和重复 MRI、癫痫 MRI 方案（HARNES-MRI）以及基本阅读指南和常见癫痫病变的信息。还简要讨论了更高级的主题，如 MRI 阴性癫痫、功能 MRI 和弥散加权成像。尽管不同中心的可用资源可能有很大差异，但希望本综述可以为癫痫患者使用 MRI 的日常实践提供一般指导。
