Giordano Cinzia, La Camera Giusi, Gelsomino Luca, Barone Ines, Bonofiglio Daniela, Andò Sebastiano, Catalano Stefania
Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
Centro Sanitario, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Aug 5;12(8):2179. doi: 10.3390/cancers12082179.
In recent decades, the study of exosome biology has gained growing interest, representing an active area of cancer research with many potential clinical applications. Exosomes are small lipid bilayer particles released by cells with pleiotropic functions that have been reported to regulate the complex intracellular pathway involved in all steps of breast cancer development-from initiation to progression toward a metastatic dissemination. Particularly, the role of these microvesicles has been explored in metastasis, which represents the leading cause of breast cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Reports highlight that the plasticity of breast cancer cells, fundamental for the establishment of distant metastasis, may be in part attributed to exosome-carried signals shared between adjacent cells and long-distance cells in the body. In the present review, we will discuss the functions of exosomes in the metastatic breast cancer process and secondary site outgrowth. The possibility to decode the exosome functions in advanced diseases may offer new opportunities for early detection, molecular targeted therapies and exosome-based therapeutics in breast cancer.
近几十年来，外泌体生物学研究越来越受到关注，成为癌症研究的一个活跃领域，具有许多潜在的临床应用。外泌体是细胞释放的小脂质双层颗粒，具有多效功能，据报道可调节参与乳腺癌发展从起始到向转移扩散进展的所有步骤的复杂细胞内途径。特别是，这些微泡在转移中的作用已得到探索，转移是全球乳腺癌发病和死亡的主要原因。报告强调，乳腺癌细胞的可塑性是远处转移形成的基础，可能部分归因于体内相邻细胞和远距离细胞之间共享的外泌体携带信号。在本综述中，我们将讨论外泌体在转移性乳腺癌过程和继发部位生长中的功能。解码晚期疾病中外泌体功能的可能性可能为乳腺癌的早期检测、分子靶向治疗和基于外泌体的治疗提供新的机会。
