Guasp Coll Marian, Navarro-Mateu Diego, Giménez-Espert María Del Carmen, Prado-Gascó Vicente Javier
Faculty of Teaching and Educational Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jul 17;11:1629. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01629. eCollection 2020.
Adolescence is a complex period, in which the individual is subject to profound emotional, physical, and psychological changes. Healthy development during adolescence is crucial for future positive development; self-esteem and life satisfaction are fundamental. The importance of sociodemographic variables (sex and age), empathy, and emotional intelligence (EI) on self-esteem and life satisfaction was studied, comparing complementary methodologies, regression models, and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) models. This is a cross-sectional design in a convenience sample of 991 adolescents (528 females, 53.3%; aged between 12 and 19 years; M = 14.01, SD = 1.40) from Spanish schools. Data were collected using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), the Basic Empathy Scale (BES), and Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS)24. The results of the regression models suggest that cognitive empathy, emotional clarity, and emotional repair are the main predictor variables for self-esteem. Meanwhile, the results of the fsQCA suggest that being older and low levels of cognitive empathy, emotional clarity, and emotional repair predict higher levels of self-esteem. On the other hand, life satisfaction in regression models is significantly predicted by the emotional clarity and emotional repair dimensions of the TMMS24 and self-esteem. Meanwhile, in the prediction of life satisfaction, the results of the fsQCA suggest that the most important interactions were high emotional clarity, emotional repair, and low self-esteem. As research has already shown, promoting empathy and EI leads to higher levels of self-esteem and life satisfaction.
青春期是一个复杂的时期，在此期间个体经历深刻的情感、身体和心理变化。青春期的健康发展对未来的积极发展至关重要；自尊和生活满意度是基础。本研究通过比较互补方法、回归模型和模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）模型，探讨了社会人口统计学变量（性别和年龄）、同理心和情商（EI）对自尊和生活满意度的重要性。这是一项横断面设计，样本为来自西班牙学校的991名青少年（528名女性，占53.3%；年龄在12至19岁之间；M = 14.01，SD = 1.40）的便利样本。使用罗森伯格自尊量表（RSES）、生活满意度量表（SWLS）、基本同理心量表（BES）和特质元情绪量表（TMMS）24收集数据。回归模型的结果表明，认知同理心、情绪清晰度和情绪修复是自尊的主要预测变量。同时，fsQCA的结果表明，年龄较大以及认知同理心、情绪清晰度和情绪修复水平较低预示着更高的自尊水平。另一方面，回归模型中的生活满意度由TMMS24的情绪清晰度和情绪修复维度以及自尊显著预测。同时，在生活满意度的预测中，fsQCA的结果表明，最重要的相互作用是高情绪清晰度、情绪修复和低自尊。正如已有研究表明的那样，促进同理心和EI会带来更高水平的自尊和生活满意度。
