Hassanpour Mehdi, Rezabakhsh Aysa, Rezaie Jafar, Nouri Mohammad, Rahbarghazi Reza
Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St., Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Cell Biosci. 2020 Aug 1;10:92. doi: 10.1186/s13578-020-00455-7. eCollection 2020.
Vesicular system of mammalian cells is composed of two intracellular and extracellular vesicles systems, which contributes to the intra/intercellular communication and cellular homeostasis. These systems mediate transferring of biological molecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids inside the cytoplasm, and between the cells. By the present study, authors describe molecular crosslink between exosome biogenesis and autophagy and take a certain focus on the autophagic cargos of exosomes and signaling pathways involved in exosome-induced autophagy in target cells and vice versa. Autophagy the generation of double-phospholipid vesicles, is a process that engulfs damaged proteins and organelles, share molecular similarity and function synergy with exosomes biogenesis for degradation or exocytosis of certain cargo. Exosomes, the smallest subtype of extracellular vesicles, originating from the membrane of the multivesicular body located inside cells demonstrate key roles in the intracellular and intercellular communication. Growing evidence demonstrates the interaction between exosome biogenesis and autophagy both at intertwined molecular pathways and crossbred vesicles known as amphisomes. Crosstalk between exosome biogenesis and autophagy contributes to maintain cellular homeostasis under external and internal stresses. Moreover, these processes can modulate each other via different signaling pathways. Exosomes contain autophagic cargos that induce autophagy via the cascade of molecular events in target cells, which called here exosome-induced autophagy. Taken together, crosstalk between exosome biogenesis and autophagy plays pivotal roles in cell homeostasis. Shedding light on the interaction between endomembrane systems may promote our knowledge about the relation between exosome and autophagy pathways in lysosome-related disorders against treatments; proposing a theoretical approach for therapy.
哺乳动物细胞的囊泡系统由细胞内和细胞外两个囊泡系统组成，这有助于细胞内/细胞间通讯和细胞内稳态。这些系统介导蛋白质、核酸和脂质等生物分子在细胞质内以及细胞间的转运。在本研究中，作者描述了外泌体生物发生与自噬之间的分子交联，并特别关注外泌体的自噬货物以及靶细胞中外泌体诱导自噬所涉及的信号通路，反之亦然。自噬是双磷脂囊泡的生成过程，是一个吞噬受损蛋白质和细胞器的过程，与外泌体生物发生在分子相似性和功能协同作用方面存在共性，用于某些货物的降解或胞吐作用。外泌体是细胞外囊泡的最小亚型，起源于细胞内多囊泡体的膜，在细胞内和细胞间通讯中发挥关键作用。越来越多的证据表明，外泌体生物发生与自噬之间在相互交织的分子途径以及称为两性体的杂交囊泡方面都存在相互作用。外泌体生物发生与自噬之间的串扰有助于在外部和内部应激下维持细胞内稳态。此外，这些过程可以通过不同的信号通路相互调节。外泌体含有自噬货物，这些货物通过靶细胞中的一系列分子事件诱导自噬，在此称为外泌体诱导的自噬。综上所述，外泌体生物发生与自噬之间的串扰在细胞内稳态中起关键作用。阐明内膜系统之间的相互作用可能会增进我们对溶酶体相关疾病中外泌体与自噬途径之间关系的认识，从而为治疗提供理论方法。
