Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Nov;266(Pt 3):115258. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115258. Epub 2020 Jul 21.
Improving the environmental impact is a critical factor in achieving sustainable development in agricultural systems. To achieve this goal, the environmental assessment of agricultural products to identify environmental hot-spots and provide strategies for reducing them is essential. In line with that, the current study is performed to assess the environmental impacts of Primrose greenhouse production in Savojbolagh County, Iran. More specifically, the environmental impacts of Primrose greenhouse production based on the cradle to gate analysis using the life cycle assessment approach are evaluated. According to results, production and combustion of diesel fuel are introduced as the environmental hotspot in non-carcinogens, respiratory inorganics, respiratory organics, terrestrial acid/nutri, aquatic acidification, global warming, and non-renewable energy impact categories. The application of pesticides and fertilizers in the greenhouse has the highest contribution in aquatic ecotoxicity as well as terrestrial ecotoxicity impact categories. Moreover, electricity consumption has the highest impact on carcinogens, and ozone layer depletion impact categories. Based on the outcomes of the life cycle assessment approach, the production of a piece of Primrose leads to damages of 1.48 × 10 DALY (disability-adjusted life year) and 3.41 × 10 PDF.m.yr (potentially disappeared fraction in square-meters per year) to human health and ecosystem quality, respectively. In addition, the production of each Primrose plant results in primary damages of 2.06 × 10 kg CO. (equivalent carbon dioxide) and 2.94 MJ (Megajoule) to climate change and resources, respectively. Finally, the weighing of environmental impacts based on IMPACT 2002+ methods shows that the ecosystem quality damage category has a share of 30% in total environmental impacts of one piece of Primrose production. Damages to ecosystem quality are mostly caused by pesticide and fertilizer applications in Primrose greenhouse. Accordingly, it could be concluded that correct management of pesticides and fertilizers can potentially mitigate environmental impacts of Primrose production in a greenhouse.
提高环境影响是实现农业系统可持续发展的关键因素。为了实现这一目标，对农产品进行环境评估以确定环境热点并提供减少这些热点的策略至关重要。根据这一点，本研究旨在评估伊朗萨沃伊博勒格县樱草温室生产的环境影响。更具体地说，使用生命周期评估方法，根据摇篮到大门分析评估樱草温室生产的环境影响。根据结果，在非致癌物质、呼吸无机物、呼吸有机物、陆地酸化/营养物、水生酸化、全球变暖以及不可再生能源影响类别中，生产和燃烧柴油燃料被引入为环境热点。温室中农药和化肥的应用对水生生态毒性和陆地生态毒性影响类别有最高的贡献。此外，电力消耗对致癌物质和臭氧消耗影响类别有最高的影响。根据生命周期评估方法的结果，生产一片樱草会对人类健康和生态系统质量分别造成 1.48×10 DALY（残疾调整生命年）和 3.41×10 PDF.m.yr（每年消失的平方米分数）的损害。此外，每株樱草植物的生产会导致气候变化和资源方面的主要损害分别为 2.06×10^6kg CO2（二氧化碳当量）和 2.94MJ（兆焦耳）。最后，根据 IMPACT 2002+方法对环境影响进行加权，结果表明生态系统质量损害类别在一片樱草生产的总环境影响中占 30%。对生态系统质量的损害主要是由樱草温室中农药和化肥的应用造成的。因此，可以得出结论，正确管理农药和化肥可以潜在地减轻温室樱草生产的环境影响。
