Abou Fayssal Sami, Alsanad Mohammed A, El Sebaaly Zeina, Ismail Ahmed I H, Sassine Youssef N
University of Forestry, 10 Kliment Ohridski Blvd, BG1797 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Scientifica (Cairo). 2020 Jul 14;2020:3950357. doi: 10.1155/2020/3950357. eCollection 2020.
In several Mediterranean countries, olive pruning residues (OLPRs) are abandoned or burned leading to several environmental problems. Valorization of these agrowastes could be a challenge for the primary decomposer , turning them into edible biomass. The OLPR was used alone (OLPR), or in mixtures with wheat straw (WS : OLPR 1 : 3 v/v and WS : OLPR 3 : 1 v/v). Mycelial colonization was hastened by 3.7 days in WS : OLPR 1 : 3 (v/v). Yields were comparable to control (WS) in WS : OLPR 3 : 1 (v/v). Organic matter loss decreased with increasing proportions of OLPR in substrates. The nutritional value of mushrooms was improved by lower fat and sodium contents, in WS : OLPR 1 : 3 (v/v) and WS : OLPR 3 : 1 (v/v), and higher total protein, crude fiber, iron, and total carbohydrates contents in WS : OLPR 3 : 1 (v/v), compared with those of control. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid, were the most abundant in mushrooms. Monounsaturated fatty acids increased in mushrooms of the substrates containing OLPR. A good predictive model of partial least square regression analysis showed different relationships of mushroom palmitic, oleic, linolenic, palmitoleic, and stearic acids with substrate composition. Findings suggested the use of OLPR as a supplement to commercial wheat straw and as a tool to reduce the negative impacts of their hazardous disposal on the environment.
在几个地中海国家，橄榄修剪残渣（OLPRs）被丢弃或焚烧，导致了若干环境问题。将这些农业废弃物转化为可食用生物质，对初级分解者而言可能是一项挑战。OLPR单独使用（OLPR），或与小麦秸秆混合使用（WS : OLPR 1 : 3 v/v和WS : OLPR 3 : 1 v/v）。在WS : OLPR 1 : 3（v/v）中，菌丝定殖加快了3.7天。在WS : OLPR 3 : 1（v/v）中，产量与对照（WS）相当。随着底物中OLPR比例的增加，有机质损失减少。与对照相比，在WS : OLPR 1 : 3（v/v）和WS : OLPR 3 : 1（v/v）中，蘑菇的脂肪和钠含量降低，总蛋白、粗纤维、铁和总碳水化合物含量升高，营养价值得到改善。多不饱和脂肪酸，主要是亚油酸，在蘑菇中含量最为丰富。含OLPR底物的蘑菇中，单不饱和脂肪酸增加。偏最小二乘回归分析的良好预测模型表明，蘑菇中棕榈酸、油酸、亚麻酸、棕榈油酸和硬脂酸与底物组成存在不同关系。研究结果表明，OLPR可作为商业小麦秸秆的补充物，并作为一种工具来减少其有害处置对环境的负面影响。
