Silva Mafalda, Ramos Ana Cristina, Lidon Fernando J, Reboredo Fernando H, Gonçalves Elsa M
INIAV-Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Unidade de Tecnologia e Inovação, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), 1600-560 Caparica, Portugal.
Foods. 2024 May 9;13(10):1464. doi: 10.3390/foods13101464.
Mushroom cultivation presents a viable solution for utilizing agro-industrial byproducts as substrates for growth. This process enables the transformation of low-economic-value waste into nutritional foods. Enhancing the yield and quality of preharvest edible mushrooms, along with effectively preserving postharvest mushrooms, stands as a significant challenge in advancing the industry. Implementing pre- and postharvest strategies for (Jacq.) P. Kumm (oyster mushroom) within a circular economy framework involves optimizing resource use, minimizing waste, and creating a sustainable and environmentally friendly production system. This review aimed to analyze the development and innovation of the different themes and trends by bibliometric analysis with a critical literature review. Furthermore, this review outlines the cultivation techniques for , encompassing preharvest steps such as spawn production, substrate preparation, and the entire mushroom growth process, which includes substrate colonization, fruiting, harvesting, and, finally, the postharvest. While novel methodologies are being explored for maintaining quality and extending shelf-life, the evaluation of the environmental impact of the entire mushroom production to identify areas for improvement is needed. By integrating this knowledge, strategies can be developed for a more sustainable and circular approach to mushroom cultivation, promoting environmental stewardship and long-term viability in this industry.
蘑菇栽培为利用农业工业副产品作为生长基质提供了一种可行的解决方案。这一过程能够将低经济价值的废弃物转化为营养食品。提高采前食用蘑菇的产量和质量，以及有效地保存采后蘑菇，是推动该行业发展的一项重大挑战。在循环经济框架内实施糙皮侧耳（平菇）采前和采后策略，涉及优化资源利用、减少浪费，并创建一个可持续且环保的生产系统。本综述旨在通过文献计量分析和批判性文献综述，分析不同主题和趋势的发展与创新。此外，本综述概述了糙皮侧耳的栽培技术，包括采前步骤，如菌种生产、基质制备，以及整个蘑菇生长过程，其中包括基质定植、出菇、采收，最后是采后处理。虽然正在探索新的方法来保持品质和延长货架期，但需要评估整个蘑菇生产的环境影响，以确定改进的领域。通过整合这些知识，可以制定出更具可持续性和循环性的糙皮侧耳栽培策略，促进该行业的环境管理和长期生存能力。
