Żorniak Michał, Sirtl Simon, Mayerle Julia, Beyer Georg
Medical Department II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Visc Med. 2020 Jun;36(3):182-190. doi: 10.1159/000508173. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
Alcoholic pancreatitis is a serious medical concern worldwide and remains to be one of the common causes of pancreatic disease.
While alcohol consumption causes direct damage to pancreatic tissue, only a small percentage of active drinkers will develop pancreatitis. An explanation of this phenomenon is probably that alcohol increases pancreatic vulnerability to damage; however, the simultaneous presence of additional risk factors and pancreatic costressors is required to increase the risk of pancreatitis and its complications caused by alcohol misuse. Recently, a number of important genetic as well as environmental factors influencing the risk of alcoholic pancreatitis have been described.
In brief, this review reports established factors for the development of alcoholic pancreatitis and summarizes recent progress made in basic and clinical research.
酒精性胰腺炎是全球范围内严重的医学问题，仍是胰腺疾病的常见病因之一。
虽然饮酒会对胰腺组织造成直接损伤，但只有一小部分经常饮酒者会患上胰腺炎。这种现象的一种解释可能是酒精会增加胰腺对损伤的易感性；然而，需要同时存在其他风险因素和胰腺协同应激源，才能增加因酒精滥用导致胰腺炎及其并发症的风险。最近，已经描述了一些影响酒精性胰腺炎风险的重要遗传和环境因素。
简而言之，本综述报告了酒精性胰腺炎发生的既定因素，并总结了基础和临床研究的最新进展。
