Primary Care Centre La Marina, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, E-08038, Spain.
IDIAP Jordi Gol, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, E-08007, Spain.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2020 Nov 23;42(4):698-703. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa136.
The impact of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has many facets. This ecological study analysed age-standardized incidence rates by economic level in Barcelona.
We evaluated confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Barcelona (Spain) between 26 February 2020 and 19 April 2020. Districts were classified according to most recent (2017) mean income data. The reference for estimating age-standardized cumulative incidence rates was the 2018 European population. The association between incidence rate and mean income by district was estimated with the Spearman rho.
The lower the mean income, the higher the COVID-19 incidence (Spearman rho = 0.83; P value = 0.003). Districts with the lowest mean income had the highest incidence of COVID-19 per 10 000 inhabitants; in contrast, those with the highest income had the lowest incidence. Specifically, the district with the lowest income had 2.5 times greater incidence of the disease, compared with the highest-income district [70 (95% confidence interval 66-73) versus 28 (25-31), respectively].
The incidence of COVID-19 showed an inverse socioeconomic gradient by mean income in the 10 districts of the city of Barcelona. Beyond healthcare for people with the disease, attention must focus on a health strategy for the whole population, particularly in the most deprived areas.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的影响具有多方面的特点。本生态研究分析了巴塞罗那按经济水平划分的标准化发病率。
我们评估了 2020 年 2 月 26 日至 2020 年 4 月 19 日期间巴塞罗那（西班牙）确诊的 COVID-19 病例。根据最新（2017 年）平均收入数据对各地区进行分类。估计标准化累积发病率的参考标准是 2018 年欧洲人口。用 Spearman rho 估计发病率与各区平均收入之间的关系。
平均收入越低，COVID-19 的发病率越高（Spearman rho = 0.83；P 值= 0.003）。平均收入最低的地区每 10000 居民 COVID-19 发病率最高；相反，收入最高的地区发病率最低。具体而言，收入最低的地区的疾病发病率是收入最高地区的 2.5 倍[分别为 70（95%置信区间 66-73）和 28（25-31）]。
巴塞罗那 10 个区的 COVID-19 发病率呈负相关，与平均收入相关。除了为患有该疾病的人提供医疗保健外，还必须关注全民健康战略，特别是在最贫困地区。
