Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Mol Biol Rep. 2020 Sep;47(9):7253-7264. doi: 10.1007/s11033-020-05720-z. Epub 2020 Aug 9.
Since gastric cancer (GC) is diagnosed at advanced stages, the survival rate is low in affected people. In this regard, investigating the mechanisms underlying GC development, are so critical. MiRNAs, which are small non coding RNAs, as a post transcriptional repressor, regulate expression of target genes by stimulating breakage or transcription suppression of their targets therefore aberrant expression of miRNAs leading to GC carcinogenesis. In the last decades, there have been various studies approving the pivotal role of miRNAs in various phases of GC development including cancer initiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and drug resistance. Therefore, the present review aimed at summarizing the dysregulated miRNAs which contribute to various cellular and developmental mechanisms such as, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. Moreover, it provides an overview on novel miRNAs involved in drug resistance and circular miRNAs as cancer biomarkers. Thereafter, it is hoped that the present study will shed more light on diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of GC, and potential GC treatments based on miRNAs.
由于胃癌（GC）在晚期才被诊断出来，因此患者的存活率较低。在这方面，研究 GC 发展的机制至关重要。miRNA 是一种小的非编码 RNA，作为转录后抑制剂，通过刺激其靶标的断裂或转录抑制来调节靶基因的表达，因此 miRNA 的异常表达导致 GC 癌变。在过去的几十年中，有大量研究证实了 miRNA 在 GC 发展的各个阶段中的关键作用，包括癌症起始、增殖、迁移、侵袭、转移、血管生成、凋亡和耐药性。因此，本综述旨在总结导致各种细胞和发育机制失调的 miRNA，如增殖、凋亡、侵袭、迁移和血管生成。此外，还概述了参与耐药性的新型 miRNA 和作为癌症生物标志物的环状 miRNA。希望本研究能为 GC 的诊断和预后生物标志物以及基于 miRNA 的潜在 GC 治疗提供更多的信息。
