Unit of Rehabilitation, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Department of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, UCL University College, Odense, Denmark.
Scand J Occup Ther. 2021 Jul;28(5):329-347. doi: 10.1080/11038128.2020.1791952. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
People with dementia in institutional settings lack engagement in meaningful occupations, which may cause decreased quality of life. Although many researchers and professionals have proposed approaches to engage people with dementia in these occupations, an overview seems to be missing.
This scoping review provides an overview by categorizing and describing the characteristics of the approaches.
A thorough literature search in nine databases identified the studies on approaches. We included 54 studies, and extracted bibliometric data. A content analysis revealed the characteristics of the approaches.
Four categories of approaches were uncovered. First, the literature defined the concept of meaningful occupation in various ways. Second, a category of approaches provided theoretical knowledge of meaningful occupations. The third category focussed on specific themes, such as certain methods. The final described comprehensive multilevel approaches.
This review contributes to knowledge of the diversity of approaches to engage people with dementia in meaningful occupation within institutional settings.
We suggest that occupational therapy researchers and practitioners consider how the concept of meaningful occupation is embedded in the theoretical landscape. Furthermore, activity programming requires reflexive decision-making at the policy and practice level, as engagement in meaningful occupations is complex.
机构环境中的痴呆症患者缺乏有意义的职业参与，这可能导致生活质量下降。尽管许多研究人员和专业人士提出了让痴呆症患者参与这些职业的方法，但似乎缺少一个概述。
本范围综述通过对这些方法的特征进行分类和描述，提供一个概述。
在九个数据库中进行全面的文献检索，以确定关于这些方法的研究。我们纳入了 54 项研究，并提取了文献计量数据。内容分析揭示了这些方法的特征。
揭示了四类方法。首先，文献以各种方式定义了有意义职业的概念。其次，一类方法提供了有意义职业的理论知识。第三类方法侧重于特定主题，如某些方法。最后描述了全面的多层次方法。
本综述有助于了解机构环境中让痴呆症患者参与有意义职业的各种方法的多样性。
我们建议职业治疗研究人员和从业者考虑有意义职业的概念是如何嵌入理论领域的。此外，活动规划需要在政策和实践层面进行反思性决策，因为参与有意义的职业是复杂的。
