Center for Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nat Chem Biol. 2020 Nov;16(11):1170-1178. doi: 10.1038/s41589-020-0609-7. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
The RAF family kinases function in the RAS-ERK pathway to transmit signals from activated RAS to the downstream kinases MEK and ERK. This pathway regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and survival, enabling mutations in RAS and RAF to act as potent drivers of human cancers. Drugs targeting the prevalent oncogenic mutant BRAF(V600E) have shown great efficacy in the clinic, but long-term effectiveness is limited by resistance mechanisms that often exploit the dimerization-dependent process by which RAF kinases are activated. Here, we investigated a proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) approach to BRAF inhibition. The most effective PROTAC, termed P4B, displayed superior specificity and inhibitory properties relative to non-PROTAC controls in BRAF(V600E) cell lines. In addition, P4B displayed utility in cell lines harboring alternative BRAF mutations that impart resistance to conventional BRAF inhibitors. This work provides a proof of concept for a substitute to conventional chemical inhibition to therapeutically constrain oncogenic BRAF.
RAF 家族激酶在 RAS-ERK 通路中发挥作用,将激活的 RAS 信号传递至下游激酶 MEK 和 ERK。该通路调节细胞增殖、分化和存活,使得 RAS 和 RAF 的突变成为人类癌症的有效驱动因素。针对常见致癌突变 BRAF(V600E)的靶向药物在临床上已显示出巨大疗效,但长期疗效受到耐药机制的限制,这些机制通常利用 RAF 激酶激活的二聚依赖性过程。在这里,我们研究了一种蛋白水解靶向嵌合体 (PROTAC) 方法来抑制 BRAF。最有效的 PROTAC,称为 P4B,与 BRAF(V600E)细胞系中的非 PROTAC 对照相比,表现出更高的特异性和抑制特性。此外,P4B 在携带赋予对传统 BRAF 抑制剂耐药性的替代 BRAF 突变的细胞系中具有实用性。这项工作为替代传统化学抑制以治疗性限制致癌 BRAF 提供了一个概念验证。