McConnell T R
Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville.
Sports Med. 1988 Jan;5(1):57-68. doi: 10.2165/00007256-198805010-00005.
Maximal oxygen intake (VO2max) may be the most physiologically significant and, therefore, the most commonly measured parameter in the physiological assessment of well trained runners. To insure valid and reliable VO2max values, there are a number of practical concerns that must be addressed. An exercise modality must be selected that activates the specific muscle mass and duplicates the motion utilised in the runners' training programme. Motorized treadmill running has been shown to allow the most efficient, valid and reproducible VO2max values in a controlled testing environment. A testing protocol must be used that is easily administered, comfortable for the runner, allows test completion within 10 minutes, uses grade increments at a constant speed, and is reproducible. Speeds should be selected that approximate the runner's training pace. The criterion for the attainment of VO2max include the levelling off of VO2 with an increase in work stage, the onset of extreme exhaustion, the respiratory exchange ratio exceeding 1.1, blood lactate levels approaching or exceeding 10 mmol/L, and ratings of perceived exertion of 19 or 20. Quality control in terms of standardisation of procedures and calibration and maintenance of equipment is essential for the minimisation of technological error. Measurement equipment must be affordable, dependable, easily calibrated, yield reproducible data, and be within the technical skill levels of the operating personnel.
最大摄氧量（VO2max）可能是最具生理意义的指标，因此也是训练有素的跑步者生理评估中最常测量的参数。为确保VO2max值的有效和可靠，有许多实际问题必须解决。必须选择一种运动方式，该方式能激活特定的肌肉群，并模仿跑步者训练计划中所使用的动作。在受控的测试环境中，电动跑步机跑步已被证明能得出最有效、可靠且可重复的VO2max值。必须使用一种测试方案，该方案易于实施，让跑步者感觉舒适，能在10分钟内完成测试，以恒定速度增加坡度，且可重复。应选择接近跑步者训练配速的速度。达到VO2max的标准包括随着工作阶段增加VO2趋于平稳、极度疲劳的出现、呼吸交换率超过1.1、血乳酸水平接近或超过10 mmol/L以及主观用力程度评级为19或20。就程序标准化以及设备校准和维护而言，质量控制对于将技术误差降至最低至关重要。测量设备必须价格合理、可靠、易于校准、能产生可重复的数据，并且操作人员具备相应技术水平。
