Ikeogu Nnamdi M, Akaluka Gloria N, Edechi Chidalu A, Salako Enitan S, Onyilagha Chukwunonso, Barazandeh Aida F, Uzonna Jude E
Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.
Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada.
Microorganisms. 2020 Aug 7;8(8):1201. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8081201.
Parasitic diseases still constitute a major global health problem affecting billions of people around the world. These diseases are capable of becoming chronic and result in high morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, millions of people die each year from parasitic diseases, with the bulk of those deaths resulting from parasitic protozoan infections. Leishmaniasis, which is a disease caused by over 20 species of the protozoan parasite belonging to the genus , is an important neglected disease. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 12 million people are currently infected in about 98 countries and about 2 million new cases occur yearly, resulting in about 50,000 deaths each year. Current treatment methods for leishmaniasis are not very effective and often have significant side effects. In this review, we discussed host immunity to leishmaniasis, various treatment options currently being utilized, and the progress of both immunotherapy and vaccine development strategies used so far in leishmaniasis. We concluded with insights into what the future holds toward the fight against this debilitating parasitic disease.
寄生虫病仍然是一个重大的全球健康问题，影响着世界各地数十亿人。这些疾病可能会发展成慢性病，并导致高发病率和死亡率。在全球范围内，每年有数百万人死于寄生虫病，其中大部分死亡是由寄生原生动物感染所致。利什曼病是由属于利什曼原虫属的20多种原生动物寄生虫引起的疾病，是一种重要的被忽视疾病。据世界卫生组织（WHO）估计，目前约98个国家有1200万人感染，每年约有200万新病例出现，每年导致约5万人死亡。目前治疗利什曼病的方法效果不太显著，且往往有明显的副作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了宿主对利什曼病的免疫力、目前正在使用的各种治疗选择，以及迄今为止在利什曼病中使用的免疫疗法和疫苗开发策略的进展。我们最后对对抗这种使人衰弱的寄生虫病的未来前景进行了展望。
