灵活性作为老年人和年轻人个性与幸福感之间的中介：来自问卷调查数据和行为任务的发现。
Flexibility as a Mediator between Personality and Well-Being in Older and Younger Adults: Findings from Questionnaire Data and a Behavioral Task.
机构信息
Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium.
Department of Clinical and Lifespan Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels, Belgium.
出版信息
Exp Aging Res. 2020 Oct-Dec;46(5):446-468. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2020.1805935. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
BACKGROUND
Personality is a predictor of subjective well-being in older and younger adults, but less is known about the underlying mechanisms. One possible mechanism is psychological flexibility, which is the ability to keep an open mind-set in order to make flexible choices adapted to the situation at hand.
METHODS
We recruited 60 younger and 60 older adults and measured personality and well-being by questionnaires. To assess psychological flexibility we used questionnaires and a behavioral task assessing flexibility in information acquisition when making choices.
RESULTS
Based on indirect effect analysis of the questionnaire data, in line with former research, our data show that in both age groups, the relationship between personality and well-being runs through psychological flexibility.
CONCLUSION
This implies that training psychological flexibility may be a promising approach to increase well-being in both older and younger adults. This effect could not be demonstrated with our choice flexibility task, thus more research is needed to uncover why this could not be measured at the behavioral level.
背景
人格是预测老年人和年轻人主观幸福感的一个因素，但关于其潜在机制的了解较少。一种可能的机制是心理灵活性，即保持开放心态的能力，以便根据当前情况做出灵活的选择。
方法
我们招募了 60 名年轻成年人和 60 名老年成年人，并通过问卷调查测量人格和幸福感。为了评估心理灵活性，我们使用问卷和行为任务来评估在做出选择时获取信息的灵活性。
结果
基于问卷数据的间接效应分析，与之前的研究一致，我们的数据表明，在两个年龄组中，人格与幸福感之间的关系都通过心理灵活性来实现。
结论
这意味着，培养心理灵活性可能是一种增加老年人和年轻人幸福感的有前途的方法。我们的选择灵活性任务无法证明这种效果，因此需要进一步研究以揭示为什么无法在行为层面上进行测量。
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