Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
Nutr Cancer. 2021;73(9):1613-1620. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1803933. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
It has been hypothesized that consumption of citrus, a group of foods particularly rich in a class of photoactive compounds known as furocoumarins, may increase the risk of malignant melanoma. However, this hypothesis has not been rigorously studied in a general sample of US men and women. This study examined the relationship between citrus intake and melanoma risk in subjects of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Among 388,467 adults, 3,894 melanoma cases were identified during a median follow-up of 15.5 years. After adjustment for relevant potential confounders, total citrus consumption was not significantly associated with melanoma risk in this cohort. Among those with higher estimated exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and among those aged 60+ years at baseline, there were significant trends toward increased melanoma risk associated with whole citrus fruit consumption ( trends = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively), but the hazard ratios of the top consumers (2+ cups per week) vs. nonconsumers were nonsignificant. Further research is needed to explore associations of citrus with melanoma risk among older adults and those with high sun exposure.
人们推测，食用柑橘类水果（一类富含呋喃香豆素类光活性化合物的食物）可能会增加恶性黑色素瘤的风险。然而，这一假说尚未在一般的美国男性和女性样本中进行严格研究。本研究在 NIH-AARP 饮食与健康研究的受试者中，检验了柑橘类水果摄入量与黑色素瘤风险之间的关系。在 388467 名成年人中，中位随访 15.5 年后，共发现 3894 例黑色素瘤病例。在调整了相关潜在混杂因素后，在该队列中，总柑橘类水果的摄入量与黑色素瘤风险无显著相关性。在那些估计暴露于紫外线辐射较高的人群中，以及在基线时年龄在 60 岁以上的人群中，与全柑橘类水果的摄入相关的黑色素瘤风险呈显著上升趋势（趋势=0.01 和 0.02），但最高摄入量（每周 2 杯以上）与非消费者的风险比无显著差异。需要进一步的研究来探索柑橘类水果与老年人群和高阳光暴露人群中黑色素瘤风险之间的关联。
