Agroiya Puspalata, Alrawahi Abdul Hakeem, Pambinezhuth Fathimabeebi, Al Busaidi Noor Bader
National Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Royal Hospital, Seeb, Oman.
Department of Research and Studies, Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat, Oman.
Oman J Ophthalmol. 2020 May 28;13(2):76-83. doi: 10.4103/ojo.OJO_225_2019. eCollection 2020 May-Aug.
The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence, severity and clinical profile of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among Omani diabetic patients attending a tertiary care hospital.
This is a retrospective study involving the record review of diabetic patients attending the diabetes retina clinic of the National Diabetes and Endocrine Centre in the period between June 2015 and May 2016. Retinal evaluation of 442 native patients was conducted using direct ophthalmological examination and digital photography. DR was graded using the Early Treatment DR Study criteria. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, version 20.
The estimated total prevalence of DR was 31% (95% confidence interval: 26.6-35.3). Mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) constitutes 21.3%, while moderate-to-severe NPDR and proliferative diabetic retinopathy constitute 4.5% and 5.2%, respectively. The prevalence of vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) and diabetic maculopathy was 15.4% and 13.3%, respectively. Retinopathy was significantly associated with age, diabetes duration, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, coexisting comorbidities or complications, systolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, and albumin/creatinine ratio. In the regression analysis, age ( = 0.02), duration ( < 0.001), and HbA1c ( < 0.001) were independently associated with DR.
The prevalence of DR and VTDR among Omani diabetics is high. Age, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c are the risk factors for the development of DR among Omanis. This emphasizes the importance of planning resources for different modalities of treatment of DR to face the future challenge.
本研究旨在描述在一家三级护理医院就诊的阿曼糖尿病患者中糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的患病率、严重程度及临床特征。
这是一项回顾性研究，涉及对2015年6月至2016年5月期间在国家糖尿病与内分泌中心糖尿病视网膜诊所就诊的糖尿病患者的病历进行回顾。对442例本地患者进行了直接眼科检查和数码摄影以进行视网膜评估。DR采用早期治疗糖尿病视网膜病变研究标准进行分级。使用SPSS 20版进行统计分析。
DR的估计总患病率为31%（95%置信区间：26.6 - 35.3）。轻度非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）占21.3%，而中度至重度NPDR和增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变分别占4.5%和5.2%。威胁视力的糖尿病视网膜病变（VTDR）和糖尿病黄斑病变的患病率分别为15.4%和13.3%。视网膜病变与年龄、糖尿病病程、2型糖尿病、并存的合并症或并发症、收缩压、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹血糖、甘油三酯以及白蛋白/肌酐比值显著相关。在回归分析中，年龄（P = 0.02）、病程（P < 0.001）和HbA1c（P < 0.001）与DR独立相关。
阿曼糖尿病患者中DR和VTDR的患病率较高。年龄、糖尿病病程和HbA1c是阿曼人发生DR的危险因素。这强调了为DR的不同治疗方式规划资源以应对未来挑战的重要性。
