Al-Rashdi Firas Ahmed, Al-Mawali Adhra
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
Center of Studies and Research, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
Oman Med J. 2021 Mar 17;36(2):e238. doi: 10.5001/omj.2021.57. eCollection 2021 Mar.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major chronic diseases with a world prevalence of 8.5%. Oman has shown a consistent rise in the prevalence of DM, reaching 14.5% in 2017. A major complication of DM is diabetic retinopathy (DR). There is limited information available about the prevalence of DR and its subtypes in Oman. This is the largest national study conducted to determine the prevalence of DR and its subtypes in Oman.
We extracted the records of 2000 Omani patients with DM and retrospectively screened for DR, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) reported between 2000 and 2017. The sample included patients from 79 medical centers from all governorates of Oman. A total of 616 patients were included in the study. We investigated the prevalence of DR among both genders and different age groups. We studied the association between the progression of DM into DR.
The prevalence of DR, NPDR, and PDR within patients diagnosed with DM was 19.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 16.2-22.5), 8.6% (95% CI: 6.6-11.1), and 1.3% (95% CI: 0.7-2.5), respectively. Moreover, females have shown a higher prevalence of any DR, compromising 60.2% of all patients diagnosed with DR, 62.3% of all NPDR patients, and 75.0% of all PDR patients. However, there was no significant association between sex and DR ( 0.840). There was a significant association between having DM for 10 years and DR ( 0.010).
The prevalence of DR increased from 14.3% in 2003 to 19.3% in 2017. Effective health policies and screening programs should be employed to control the increased prevalence of DM and DR.
糖尿病（DM）是主要的慢性疾病之一，全球患病率为8.5%。阿曼的糖尿病患病率持续上升，2017年达到14.5%。糖尿病的一个主要并发症是糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）。关于阿曼DR及其亚型的患病率，现有信息有限。这是为确定阿曼DR及其亚型患病率而开展的最大规模的全国性研究。
我们提取了2000例阿曼糖尿病患者的记录，并对2000年至2017年期间报告的DR、非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）和增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）进行回顾性筛查。样本包括来自阿曼所有省份79个医疗中心的患者。共有616例患者纳入研究。我们调查了DR在不同性别和不同年龄组中的患病率。我们研究了糖尿病进展为DR之间的关联。
在确诊为糖尿病的患者中，DR、NPDR和PDR的患病率分别为19.2%（95%置信区间（CI）：16.2 - 22.5）、8.6%（95%CI：6.6 - 11.1）和1.3%（95%CI：0.7 - 2.5）。此外，女性中任何DR的患病率更高，占所有确诊为DR患者的60.2%，所有NPDR患者的62.3%，以及所有PDR患者的75.0%。然而，性别与DR之间无显著关联（P = 0.840）。糖尿病病程10年与DR之间存在显著关联（P = 0.010）。
DR的患病率从2003年的14.3%上升至2017年的19.3%。应采用有效的健康政策和筛查项目来控制糖尿病和DR患病率的上升。
