Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, UZH, Blumlisalpstrasse 10, Zurich, Switzerland.
Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, UZH, Blumlisalpstrasse 10, Zurich, Switzerland.
Neuroscience. 2020 Nov 1;447:94-112. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.07.022. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Obesity rates are on the rise worldwide with women more frequently affected than men. Hedonic responses to food seem to play a key role in obesity, but the exact mechanisms and relationships are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the perceived pleasantness of food rewards in relation to satiety and calories consumed during an ad libitum meal in women. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a milkshake consumption task, we studied how experienced food values are encoded in women with healthy weight, overweight or obesity. Participants rated the pleasantness and intensity of high and low caloric milkshakes in the fMRI scanner during both the fasted and fed states. We found differences in the neural responses and experienced pleasantness of high and low caloric milkshakes depending on satiety and Body Mass Index (BMI). Women with both high ad libitum consumption levels and high BMI reported greater experienced pleasantness for milkshakes. In contrast, among women with low ad libitum consumption levels, greater BMI was associated with less experienced pleasantness. At the neural level, satiety affected women with obesity to a lesser degree than women with healthy weight. Thus, having obesity was associated with altered relationships between food consumption and the hedonic responses to food rewards as well as reduced satiety effects in women.
超重和肥胖是许多慢性疾病的主要危险因素，包括糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症。全球肥胖率呈上升趋势，女性比男性更容易受到影响。对食物的享乐反应似乎在肥胖中起着关键作用，但确切的机制和关系仍知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们调查了女性在随意进食期间与饱腹感和卡路里消耗相关的食物奖励感知愉悦度。我们使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和奶昔消费任务，研究了健康体重、超重或肥胖女性如何编码体验到的食物价值。参与者在 fMRI 扫描仪中分别在禁食和进食状态下对高卡路里和低卡路里奶昔的愉悦度和强度进行评分。我们发现，根据饱腹感和体重指数（BMI），高卡路里和低卡路里奶昔的神经反应和体验愉悦度存在差异。高随意进食水平和高 BMI 的女性报告称，奶昔的体验愉悦度更高。相比之下，在低随意进食水平的女性中，较高的 BMI 与较低的体验愉悦度相关。在神经水平上，饱腹感对肥胖女性的影响程度小于健康体重女性。因此，肥胖与女性的食物消费与食物奖励的享乐反应之间的关系改变以及饱腹感降低有关。
