Department of Anthropology, Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Evol Psychol. 2020 Jul-Sep;18(3):1474704920946236. doi: 10.1177/1474704920946236.
The dark triad (DT) traits are differentially related to psychometrically assessed life history strategy (LHS), such that psychopathy is strongly associated with a faster LHS, whereas narcissism appears to be, if anything, a slow LHS indicator. However, the research supporting these generalizations has been based largely on undergraduate samples in which LHS has been measured using the Arizona Life History Battery (ALHB; or its short version the Mini-K), an instrument that arguably lacks adequate coverage of low-extroversion content linked to a slower LHS. In this study, 929 U.S. MTurk workers completed a set of DT instruments, a 10-item Big Five Inventory, a 42-item version of the ALHB (K-SF-42), and the life history rating form (LHRF), which is less weighted toward high extroversion content than the ALHB. Factor analysis of the DT instruments yielded factors corresponding to callousness, secondary psychopathy, and socially adaptive narcissism (leadership/authority and grandiose exhibitionism). Callousness and secondary psychopathy were fast LHS indicators with respect to both LHS instruments. Socially adaptive narcissism appeared as a slow LHS indicator with respect to the K-SF-42 but as a fast LHS indicator with respect to the LHRF. Variation in extroversion accounted entirely for the K-SF-42's positive association with socially adaptive narcissism. This study suggests that narcissism's apparent status as a slow LHS indicator may be more a matter of measurement than of substance.
黑暗三角特质（DT）与心理测量评估的生活史策略（LHS）有不同的关系，即精神病态与更快的 LHS 强烈相关，而自恋似乎，如果有的话，是 LHS 缓慢的指标。然而，支持这些概括的研究主要基于大学生样本，其中 LHS 使用亚利桑那生活史电池（ALHB；或其短版本 Mini-K）进行测量，该工具可以说缺乏与较慢的 LHS 相关的低外向内容的充分涵盖。在这项研究中，929 名美国 MTurk 工人完成了一组 DT 工具、一份 10 项大五人格量表、一份 42 项的 ALHB（K-SF-42）和生活史评分表（LHRF），该表对高外向内容的重视程度低于 ALHB。DT 工具的因子分析得出了与无情、次要精神病态和社会适应型自恋（领导力/权威和浮夸表现主义）相对应的因子。无情和次要精神病态是两种 LHS 工具的快速 LHS 指标。社会适应型自恋在 K-SF-42 中表现为缓慢的 LHS 指标，但在 LHRF 中表现为快速的 LHS 指标。外向性的变化完全解释了 K-SF-42 与社会适应型自恋的正相关。这项研究表明，自恋作为缓慢的 LHS 指标的明显地位可能更多的是测量问题，而不是实质问题。
