Tan E M, Chan E K, Sullivan K F, Rubin R L
W. M. Keck Autoimmune Disease Center, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California 92037.
Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1988 May;47(2):121-41. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(88)90066-9.
The convergence of studies in the clinical and basic sciences has resulted in the definitive identification of many intracellular antigens which are the targets of autoantibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, dermatomyositis/polymyositis, Sjogren's syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, and drug-induced autoimmunity. Some of this new knowledge includes the identification of the Sm and RNP antigens as ribonucleoprotein particles involved in splicing of precursor messenger RNA, Scl-70 as DNA topoisomerase I, proliferating cell nuclear antigen as auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta, and certain antigens in myositis as aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetases. This information confirms, at a molecular level, the presence of specific profiles of autoimmune responses so that autoantibodies can be used in clinical medicine as diagnostically useful immune markers. In addition the data give compelling reasons to consider that certain autoimmune diseases are antigen-driven. Many auto-antibodies have the interesting feature of recognizing epitopes on the antigens which are active or functional sites of the molecule. It is suggested that the data provide clues to the nature of the intracellular particle initiating the immune response and may help to elucidate some of the early mechanisms of the autoimmune process.
临床科学与基础科学研究的融合，已明确鉴定出许多细胞内抗原，这些抗原是系统性红斑狼疮、硬皮病、皮肌炎/多肌炎、干燥综合征、混合性结缔组织病以及药物性自身免疫患者体内自身抗体的靶标。这些新知识包括：将Sm和RNP抗原鉴定为参与前体信使RNA剪接的核糖核蛋白颗粒；将Scl - 70鉴定为DNA拓扑异构酶I；将增殖细胞核抗原鉴定为DNA聚合酶δ的辅助蛋白；以及将肌炎中的某些抗原鉴定为氨酰基转移RNA合成酶。这些信息在分子水平上证实了自身免疫反应存在特定模式，从而使自身抗体能够在临床医学中用作具有诊断价值的免疫标志物。此外，这些数据提供了令人信服的理由，使人认为某些自身免疫性疾病是由抗原驱动的。许多自身抗体具有识别抗原上作为分子活性或功能位点的表位这一有趣特征。有人提出，这些数据为引发免疫反应的细胞内颗粒的性质提供了线索，并可能有助于阐明自身免疫过程的一些早期机制。
